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Lincolnshire Wolds Area of
Outstanding Natural Beauty
Management Plan Strategic
Environmental Assessment
Strategic Environmental Assessment
Appendix A
June 2011 Produced on behalf of; Lincolnshire County Council; East Lindsey District Council; West Lindsey District Council; and North East Lincolnshire Council and partners Prepared by; The Lincolnshire Wolds Countryside Service and Lincolnshire Wolds Joint Advisory Committee
Navigation Warehouse, Riverhead Road, Louth, Lincolnshire LN11 0DA Tel: (01507) 609740; And;
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T +44 (0)207 803 2624
Lincolnshire Wolds Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty Management Plan
Strategic Environmental Assessment
Document Control Sheet
Lincolnshire Wolds AONB Management Plan Lincolnshire Wolds Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty Management Plan
Strategic Environmental Assessment
Record of Issue
Issue Status Author
Authorised Date
Judith 07/10/10 Anne Hugh-
Neal Barton 23/11/10 Anne Hugh-
12/06/11 Anne Hugh-
Distribution
The Lincolnshire Wolds Countryside Service and
Stephen Jack and
Lincolnshire Wolds Joint Advisory Committee
Lincolnshire Wolds Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty Management Plan
Strategic Environmental Assessment
Document Control Sheet.
Contents .
Table of Figures .
Abbreviations.
Introduction .
Baseline and Context.
2.1 Identifying Relevant Policies, Plans and Programmes .
2.2 Social, Environmental and Economic Baseline Characteristics and Predicted
Future Baseline .
2.3 Identifying Environmental Issues and Problems .
2.6 Biodiversity and Flora and Fauna.
2.7 BAP Priority Habitats.
2.8 Cultural Heritage .
2.9 Climate Change.
2.10 Climate Change Implications for the AONB .
2.11 Population and Human Health .
2.13 Crime Statistics .
Lincolnshire Wolds Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty Management Plan
Strategic Environmental Assessment
2.17 Groundwater.
2.18 Transport .
2.19 Access to Services .
2.22 Agriculture .
2.23 Material Assets.
Scoping Report Consultation Responses .
3.1 Comments received during the SEA Preparation.
References .
Lincolnshire Wolds Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty Management Plan
Strategic Environmental Assessment
This Report is presented to the Lincolnshire Wolds Countryside Service in respect of the Strategic Environmental Assessment of the AONB Management Plan and may not be used or relied on by any other person or by the client in relation to any other matters not covered specifically by the scope of this Report. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in the Report, Mouchel Limited is obliged to exercise reasonable skill, care and diligence in the performance of the services required by the Lincolnshire Wolds Countryside Service and Mouchel Limited shall not be liable except to the extent that it has failed to exercise reasonable skill, care and diligence, and this report shall be read and construed accordingly.
This Report has been prepared by Mouchel Limited. No individual is personally liable in connection with the preparation of this Report. By receiving this Report and acting on it, the client or any other person accepts that no individual is personally liable whether in contract, tort, for breach of statutory duty or otherwise
Lincolnshire Wolds Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty Management Plan
Strategic Environmental Assessment
Table of Figures
Figure 2.1 - Lincolnshire AONB Boundary. Figure 2.2 AONB Character Area Map . Figure 2.3 LNR, SPA, NNR, SAC, SSSI's RAMSAR Sites. Figure 2.4 The Main Determinants of Health. Figure 2.5 Health map for the local human habitat. Figure 2.6 Health Summary for the Lincolnshire in Comparison to National Average. Figure 2.7 - CPRE Tranquil Areas Map for Lincolnshire. Figure 2.8 - Nitrate Vulnerable Zones. Figure 2.9 - Superficial deposits aquifer designations . Figure 2.10 - Bedrock deposits aquifer designations. Figure 2.11 - AONB Ground Water Protection Zones . Figure 2.12 - Roads and Access to AONB . Figure 2.13 - Access to Supermarkets and Service Centres. Figure 2.14 - Agricultural Land Quality Across the AONB .
Lincolnshire Wolds Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty Management Plan
Strategic Environmental Assessment
Table 2-1 International Plans, Policies and Programmes. Table 2-2 European Plans, Policies and Programmes . Table 2-3 National Policies, Plans and Programmes . Table 2-4 County Plans, Policies and Programmes . Table 2-5 Local Plans, Policies and Programmes . Table 2-6 – SSSIs, Size and Favourable Land. Table 2-7 – Local Wildlife Sites . Table 2-8 – SMs (Sourced from English Heritage) . Table 2-9 - Lincolnshire Wolds AONB: Summary of Heritage Assets (2010). Table 2-10 CO2 Emission for Local Authorities in the AONB Area . Table 2-11 - IMD Scores for Wards in East and West Lindsey . Table 2-12 - Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty Traffic Data . Table 2-13 – Overview of Tourism in the Wolds (2006) . Table 2-14 - Total attendance Lincolnshire Wolds Walking Festivals 2005 - 2010 . Table 2-15 – Visitor Statistics within the Wolds . Table 2-16 –Total Tourism Spend . Table 2-17 – Agricultural Land Usage Total Land Size . Table 2-18 – Size of Farm Holdings in the AONB Wolds . Table 2-19 - Farming Produce in Lincolnshire. Table 2-20 Farming produce in North and North East Lincolnshire. Table 2-21 Farming produce in Lincolnshire Wolds AONB . Table 2-22 Regional Apportionment for Sand and Gravel and Crushed Rock . Table 3-1 – Scoping Report Consultation Responses December 2008 . Table 3-2 Consultation comments received during SEA preparation .
Lincolnshire Wolds Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty Management Plan
Strategic Environmental Assessment
Area of Great Landscape Value
Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty
Air Quality Management Area
Biodiversity Action Plan
Biodiversity Action Reporting System
Building Research Establishment Environmental Assessment Method
Best Value Performance Indicator
Construction, Demolition and Extraction (Waste)
Campaign to Protect Rural England
Countryside Rights of Way
Department for Communities and Local Government
Disability Discrimination Act
Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs
Department of the Environment, Transport and the Regions
Development Plan Document
Department of Trade and Industry
European Economic Community
Environmental Impact Assessment
Lincolnshire Wolds Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty Management Plan
Strategic Environmental Assessment
Equality Impact Assessment
Gross Value Added
Heavy Goods Vehicle
Health and Safety Executive
Habitat Regulations Assessment
Indices of Multiple Deprivation
Joint Advisory Committee
Killed or Seriously Injured
Local Area Agreement
Local Development Framework
Local Economic Assessment
Local Nature Reserve
Local Planning Authority
Local Transport Plan
Local Super Output Areas
Multi-Agency Geographic Information for the Countryside
National Association of Areas of Outstanding Natural Beauty
National Indicator Set
National Nature Reserve
National Parks and Access to the Countryside
Lincolnshire Wolds Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty Management Plan
Strategic Environmental Assessment
Nitrate Vulnerable Areas
Office of the Deputy Prime Minister
Office of Water Services
Office for National Statistics
Pollution Prevention & Control
Planning Policy Guidance
Planning Policy Statement
River Ecosystem Target
Regional Spatial Strategy
River Quality Objective
Special Area of Conservation
Strategic Flood Risk Assessment
Special Protection Area
Supplementary Planning Documents
Site of Special Scientific Interest
Sustainable Urban Drainage Systems
Unitary Development Plan
World Health Organisation
Lincolnshire Wolds Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty Management Plan
Strategic Environmental Assessment
The relevant local authorities: Lincolnshire County Council, East Lindsey District Council, West Lindsey District Council and North East Lincolnshire Council have all given their approval for the Lincolnshire Wolds Joint Advisory Committee (JAC) to coordinate the review of the Lincolnshire Wolds Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty (AONB) Management Plan (2004-09) to produce an updated Strategy and Action Plan for the period 2009-2014.
This Report is supplied as an appendix to the main SEA Report.
Lincolnshire Wolds Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty Management Plan
Strategic Environmental Assessment
Baseline and Context
Identifying Relevant Policies, Plans and Programmes
Relevant policies, plans and programmes at international, European, national,
regional and local level that may influence the AONB Management Plan have been
identified covering implications of a social, environmental and economic nature.
Therefore the AONB Management Plan is to be set in the context of a wide range of
other relevant plans and programmes and environment objectives both within and
outside the authorities' jurisdiction.
The following tables document all the relevant plans and programmes relevant to the AONB Management Plan:
County (Lincolnshire and North East Lincolnshire Council)
Districts (East Lindsey District Council and West Lindsey District
The tables also highlight which SEA objectives are linked to the relevant plans and programmes.
Lincolnshire Wolds Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty Management Plan
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Table 2-1 International Plans, Policies and Programmes
Plan, Programme,
Aims and Objectives
Framework
Objectives
relevant to
PPP
The Convention on
Article 6A requires each Contracting Party to
Biological Diversity.
develop national strategies, plans or programmes
Rio de Janerio (1992)
for the conservation and sustainable use of
biological diversity.
UN Conference on
Requirement that new development should be
Development, Rio
Ramsar Convention on
An agreement ratified by the UK in 1976 to
conserve and protect ensure wise use of wetlands.
Designation of Ramsar Protected Wetlands.
Kyoto Protocol to the
Improved energy efficiency. Lower carbon intensive
forms of energy supply (energy and transport).
Convention on Climate
Reduced industrial process emissions. Improved
agricultural practices and livestock management. Management of biodegradable waste.
International European
The aim of this (revised) Convention is to protect
on the Protection of
the archaeological heritage as a source of the
the Archaeological
European collective memory and as an instrument
Heritage revised 1985
for historical and scientific study. To this end shall be considered to be elements of the archaeological heritage all remains and objects and any other traces of mankind from past epochs: the preservation and study of which help to retrace the history of mankind and its relation with the natural environment; for which excavations or discoveries and other methods of research into
Lincolnshire Wolds Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty Management Plan
Strategic Environmental Assessment
Plan, Programme,
Aims and Objectives
Framework
Objectives
relevant to
PPP
mankind and the related environment are the main sources of information; and which are located in any area within the jurisdiction of the Parties; The archaeological heritage shall include structures, constructions, groups of buildings, developed sites, moveable objects, monuments of other kinds as well as their context, whether situated on land or under water.
International World
To ensure, as far as possible, the proper
Convention in 1972.
identification, protection, conservation and
presentation of the world's heritage, the Member
States of UNESCO adopted the World Heritage Convention in 1972. The Convention foresees the establishment of a "World Heritage Committee" and a "World Heritage Fund". Both the Committee and the Fund have been in operation since 1976.
Report of the World
Recognise the needs of everyone. Protection of the
Summit on Sustainable
environment. The prudent use of natural resources.
Climate change and energy. Sustainable
Johannesburg (2002)
IUCN – Category V
A protected area where the interaction of people
Cultural Heritage
and nature over time has produced an area of
landscape/seascape
distinct character with significant ecological,
biological, cultural and scenic value: and where safeguarding the integrity of this interaction is vital to protecting and sustaining the area and its associated nature conservation and other values.
To protect and sustain important landscapes/seascapes and the associated nature
Lincolnshire Wolds Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty Management Plan
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Plan, Programme,
Aims and Objectives
Framework
Objectives
relevant to
PPP
conservation and other values created by interactions with humans through traditional management practices.
IUCN – Guidelines for
Categories are described by their main objective,
Cultural Heritage
Applying Protected
other objectives, distinguishing features, role in the
landscape or seascape and unique points and
Categories (2008)
actions that are compatible or incompatible.
International Convention
• Strategic goal A. Address the underlying
Biological Diversity –
causes of biodiversity loss by mainstreaming
Nagoya Japan 2010
biodiversity across government and society
• Strategic goal B. Reduce the direct
pressures on biodiversity and promote
improve the status of
biodiversity by safeguarding ecosystems,
species and genetic diversity
• Strategic goal D: Enhance the benefits to all
from biodiversity and ecosystem services
Enhance implementation
through participatory planning, knowledge
management and capacity building
Lincolnshire Wolds Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty Management Plan
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Table 2-2 European Plans, Policies and Programmes
Plan, Programme,
Aims and Objectives
Objectives
relevant to
PPP
The Aarhus Convention highlights the need for
Convention' - Access to
securing greater public participation in environmental
Information, Public
issues and for increased access to justice and
Participation in
information on the environment held by public
Decision-making and
authorities and agencies.
Access to Justice in
Environmental Matters (1998) United Nations Economic Commission for Europe - UNECE
This strategy seeks to limit climate change and its
costs and negative effects to society and the
environment, setting out a range of objectives
Development Strategy
including: delivering sustainable transport;
(2006) The European
sustainable consumption and production patterns;
improved health, equality and well-being; the improved management of natural resources, recognising the value of ecosystem services; and actively promoting sustainable development worldwide.
The EC Directive on
This Directive seeks to increase public awareness in
Public Access to
environmental matters and to improve environmental
protection, through increasing and improving access
Information (2003)
to information held by public authorities. This should
include wherever possible greater use of computer
Official Journal
telecommunication and/or electronic technology.
Lincolnshire Wolds Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty Management Plan
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Plan, Programme,
Aims and Objectives
Objectives
relevant to
PPP
European Directive
2002/49/EC 2,3,4, 10
Defines a common approach intended to avoid,
prevent or reduce on a prioritised basis the harmful
effects, including annoyance, due to exposure to
environmental noise through actions designed to
environmental noise
a) determine exposure to environmental noise using noise mapping, b) ensuring that information on environmental noise and its effects is made available to the public, and c) adoption of action plans with a view to preventing and reducing environmental noise where necessary.
European Directive
To prevent, reduce and eliminate pollution at source
concerning integrated
through the efficient use of natural resources. It is
pollution prevention
intended to help industrial operators move towards
and control (The IPPC
greater environmental sustainability. It sets standards
and target dates for reducing concentrations of fine particles, which together with coarser particles known as PM10 already subject to legislation, are among the most dangerous pollutants for human health.
European Directive
Establishes mandatory standards for air quality and
on ambient air quality
sets limits and guide values for sulphur and nitrogen
dioxide, suspended particulates and lead in air.
European Directive
This directive establishes new air quality objectives
on ambient air quality
for PM2.5 (fine particles), the possibility to discount
and cleaner air for
natural sources of pollution and for time extensions
of PM10 or up to five years (NO2, benzene) for complying with limit values, based on conditions and the assessment by the European Commission.
EC Directive on the
Member States have a duty to sustain populations of
Conservation of Wild
naturally occurring wild birds by sustaining areas of
Birds 79/409/EEC
habitat in order to maintain populations at
ecologically and scientifically sound levels. This
Lincolnshire Wolds Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty Management Plan
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Plan, Programme,
Aims and Objectives
Objectives
relevant to
PPP
applies to birds, their eggs, nests and habitats
EC Directive on the
Member States are required to take legislative and
Conservation of Natural
administrative measures to maintain and restore
Habitats of Wild Fauna
natural habitats and wild species at a favourable
and Flora 92/43/EEC
conservation status in the community.
European Environmental
These Regulations implement Directive 2001/42/EC
Assessment of Plans
of the European Parliament and Council on the
assessment of the effects of certain plans and
Regulations (2004)
programmes on the environment.
European Special
Birds Directive - gives powers and responsibility to
Areas (SPA) - Council
protect habitats for birds designated as SPA's.
Directive 79/409/EEC
European Special
Habitats Directive - gives powers to protect natural
Conservation (SAC) -
habitats and of wild flora and fauna designated as
Council Directive
European Pan-European
The Strategy was adopted at the third Ministerial
Conference "Environment for Europe" in 1995 with
Landscape Diversity
the objective of providing an innovative and proactive
Strategy, July 2003
approach to stop and reverse the degradation of biological and landscape diversity values in Europe. The Strategy reinforces implementation of existing measures to ensure conservation and sustainable use of biological and landscape diversity and identifies additional actions that need to be taken over the next two decades.
Lincolnshire Wolds Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty Management Plan
Strategic Environmental Assessment
Plan, Programme,
Aims and Objectives
Objectives
relevant to
PPP
Commission proposes a common European energy
European strategy for
policy which will enable Europe to face the energy
supply challenges of the future and the effects these
competitive and secure
will have on growth and the environment.
energy White paper:
This document aims to strike a balance between
European transport
economic development and the quality and safety
demands made by society in order to develop a modern, sustainable transport system for 2010
European European
Landscape 1, 2, 3, 5, 8,
The European Landscape Convention introduced the
concept of "landscape quality objectives" into the
protection, management and planning of
geographical areas. Members of the council noted that the landscape has an important public interest role in the cultural, ecological, environmental and social fields, and constitutes a resource favourable to economic activity and whose protection, management and planning can contribute to job creation. It also noted that developments in agriculture, forestry, industrial, mineral production techniques, in regional planning, town planning, transport, infrastructure, tourism, recreation and, at a more general level, changes in the world economy are in many cases accelerating the transformation of landscapes.
Combat climate change
Development Strategy
Ensure sustainable transport
Address threats to public health Manage natural resources more responsibly and stop biodiversity decline Combat poverty and social exclusion Meet the challenges of an ageing population
Lincolnshire Wolds Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty Management Plan
Strategic Environmental Assessment
Plan, Programme,
Aims and Objectives
Objectives
relevant to
PPP
European Directive
91/156/EEC 6, 12
This Directive amends the original framework
Directive 75/442/EEC on waste.
amending Directive
The Directive is intended to raise the levels of
75/442/EEC on waste
environmental protection particularly by avoiding the creation of waste. It establishes an integrated and adequate network of waste disposal facilities, promotes the disposal of waste as close as possible to the production site in order to limit the hazards of shipments of waste. It also promotes clean technologies and recyclable and reusable products. Authorities must draw up waste management plans, issue permits and inspect installations. They are to take the necessary measures to prevent movements of waste which are not in accordance with their waste management plans.
European Directive
Requires all member states to significantly reduce
on the landfill of waste
the amount of biodegradable municipal waste being
sent to landfill. A principal objective of the Directive is to reduce the impact of methane produced by biodegradation in landfills (a potent greenhouse gas) on climate change.
European Directive
A framework Directive that requires all Member
States to achieve good ecological status of inland
framework for the
water bodies by 2015.
Community action in the field of water policy (The Water Framework Directive)
European Nitrates
Prevention of eutrophication and water pollution
Human health and ecosystem protection.
Nitrate Vulnerable Zones (NVZs) designated in
Lincolnshire Wolds Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty Management Plan
Strategic Environmental Assessment
Plan, Programme,
Aims and Objectives
Objectives
relevant to
PPP
vulnerable sites.
European Groundwater
Requires that the entry of ‘List I' substances into
groundwater be prevented and that there should be no pollution of groundwater by ‘List II' substances. It will be repealed by the Water Framework Directive in 2013. Replacement provisions have been provided for in the Groundwater Daughter Directive (2006/118/EC).
To establish a framework for the assessment and
management of flood risks, aiming at the reduction of
the adverse consequences for human health, the
environment, cultural heritage and economic activity associated with floods.
Table 2-3 National Policies, Plans and Programmes
Plan, Programme,
Aims and Objectives
Framework
Objectives
relevant to
PPP
National National
Prior to the CRoW and NERC Acts this was the
primary legislation enabling the then Countryside
Countryside Act (1949)
Commission to designate both National Parks and
AONBs. The single purpose of creating an AONB, as defined by this legislation, is to conserve its
Lincolnshire Wolds Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty Management Plan
Strategic Environmental Assessment
Plan, Programme,
Aims and Objectives
Framework
Objectives
relevant to
PPP
natural beauty. The Act established in law, the principle that AONBs are considered to be as beautiful as National Parks – although their purposes, and the means by which they were to be achieved, differ. The Act gave local authorities the power, but not duty, to promote positive management in AONB landscapes.
A New Vernacular for the
This report sets out an approach that promotes the
Countryside (2004) The
development of new buildings in the countryside
Countryside Agency –
that re-connect their design and construction with
Research by Architype
the local environment whilst also meeting other
broad sustainable design and construction principles.
Accessible Natural
This English Nature report highlights the need for
Green-space in Towns
ensuring natural spaces are accessible to everyone
and Cities: Review of
and recommends a range of minimum size and
Appropriate Size and
distance criteria.
Distance – Research
Report 193. (1995) English Nature
Secure and Sustainable
This Act introduces new powers and requirements
Buildings Act (2004)
with respect to a range of building related issues
and seeks to ensure sustainability standards and security measures are included in future work.
Game Plan: A Strategy
This report sets out an approach that promotes the
development of new buildings in the countryside
Government's Sport and
that re-connect their design and construction with
Physical Activity
the local environment whilst also meeting other
Objectives (2002) Social
broad sustainable design and construction
Exclusion Unit / &
Department of Culture,
Lincolnshire Wolds Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty Management Plan
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Plan, Programme,
Aims and Objectives
Framework
Objectives
relevant to
PPP
Common Agricultural
The UK Government carried forward the Policy
Economic Population
Policy Reforms (2003)
Commission recommendations for decoupling
Department for the
subsidies in the 2003 CAP reforms, with the aim of
Environment, Food and
encouraging the farming industry to move closer to
the market through the establishment of the cross compliant Single Payment Scheme (SPS) in 2005. Although the implementation of the SPS has faced numerous difficulties the reform was innovative and has set the scene for radical change.
The Planning and
This Act sets out substantial changes to the
Compulsory Purchase
forward planning and development control
procedures in England. It replaces the previous Structure and Mineral/Waste Plans (Countywide) and Local Plans (District/Unitary) with a new system of Local Development Frameworks (LDFs), which comprise a number of Local Development Documents (LDDs) and Supplementary Planning Documents (SPDs). The Regional Spatial Strategy (RSS), coordinated by Regional Assemblies, replaces the Structure Plan as the strategic planning document.
The Housing Act (2004)
This Act is designed to create an improved and
fairer housing market and introduces measures to
enhance the condition of social housing, as well as
including range of other provisions relating to secure tenants and the right to buy; and the accommodation needs of gypsies and travellers.
Lincolnshire Wolds Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty Management Plan
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Plan, Programme,
Aims and Objectives
Framework
Objectives
relevant to
PPP
15 Headline Indicators of sustainable development.
Achieving a Better
147 Quality of Life Counts indicators. Headline
Quality of Life – Review
Indicators not being met in crime – robbery, air
of Progress Towards
quality, road traffic and volumes of household
Delivering a Sustainable
To support national economic competitiveness
Transport System (2008)
and growth, by delivering reliable and efficient
transport networks
To reduce transport's emissions of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases, with the desired outcome of tackling climate change
To contribute to better safety security and health and longer life-expectancy by reducing the risk of death, injury or illness arising from transport and by promoting travel modes that are beneficial to health
To promote greater equality of opportunity for all citizens, with the desired outcome of achieving a fairer society;
To improve quality of life for transport users and non-transport users, and to promote a healthy natural environment
Low Carbon Transport –
Supporting a shift to new technologies and fuels
A Greener Future (2009)
Promoting lower carbon transport choices
Using market-based measures to encourage a shift to lower carbon transport
Lincolnshire Wolds Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty Management Plan
Strategic Environmental Assessment
Plan, Programme,
Aims and Objectives
Framework
Objectives
relevant to
PPP
Low Carbon Travel
Creating positive choices for travellers;
A holistic package of measures, which ‘lock-in' the
Local application tailored to local circumstances.
Promotion of health and the prevention of ill-health. Population &
Healthier Nation White
Four priority areas – Cancer, Coronary Heart
Paper (DoH 1999)
Disease & Stroke, Accidents and Mental Health.
Address the underlying causes of ill-health, such as poverty, wordlessness, poor educational achievement, poor housing.
The Government today outlines a new approach to
local growth, shifting power away from central
Realising every place's
government to local communities, citizens and
independent providers. This means recognising that where drivers of growth are local, decisions should be made locally.
The Government will therefore:
• shift power to local communities and
business, enabling places to tailor their
approach to local circumstances;
• promote efficient and dynamic markets, in
particular in the supply of land, and provide
real and significant incentives for places that
go for growth; and
• support investment in places and people to
Lincolnshire Wolds Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty Management Plan
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Plan, Programme,
Aims and Objectives
Framework
Objectives
relevant to
PPP
tackle the barriers to growth.
The subsequent chapters of this white paper provide detail on next steps and proposals for radical reform in each of these areas.
Culture at the Heart of
3 priority areas:
Regeneration, DCMS,
Building partnerships across government, the
private and voluntary sectors and culture and
regeneration practitioners. Supporting delivery by spreading good practice and measuring outcomes. Strengthening evidence to find coherent and robust methods for measuring impacts.
National Department
Support national economic competitiveness and
(2008). Delivering a
growth, by delivering reliable and efficient transport
Sustainable Transport
Reduce transport's emissions of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases, with the desired outcome of tackling climate change; Contribute to better safety, security and health and longer life-expectancy by reducing the risk of death, injury, or illness arising from transport and by promoting travel modes that are beneficial to health; Promote greater equality of opportunity for all citizens, with the desired outcome of achieving a fairer society; Improve quality of life for transport users and non-transport users, and to promote a healthy natural environment.
Lincolnshire Wolds Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty Management Plan
Strategic Environmental Assessment
Plan, Programme,
Aims and Objectives
Framework
Objectives
relevant to
PPP
PPG2 Green Belts
When any large-scale developments occur,
including road and other infrastructure
developments, it should, as far as possible,
contribute to PPG2 objectives as follows: Provide opportunities for access to the open countryside for the urban population; Provide opportunities for outdoor recreation near urban areas; Retain attractive landscapes, and enhance landscapes, near to where people live. Improve damaged and derelict land around towns; Secure nature conservation interest; Retain land in agricultural, forestry and related uses.
One of the Government's key aims is to encourage
continued economic development in a way which is
Development and Small
compatible with its stated environmental objectives.
Economic growth and a high quality environment have to be pursued together. The Environment White Paper "This Common Inheritance" (Cm 1200) emphasised this relationship when it said that "Economic growth is not an end in itself. It provides us with the means to lead better and fuller lives. There is no contradiction in arguing both for economic growth and for environmental good sense. The challenge is to integrate the two."
Promote more sustainable transport choices for
both people and for moving freight;
Promote accessibility to jobs, shopping, leisure
facilities and services by public transport, walking and cycling; Reduce the need to travel, especially by car;
Lincolnshire Wolds Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty Management Plan
Strategic Environmental Assessment
Plan, Programme,
Aims and Objectives
Framework
Objectives
relevant to
PPP
Ensure that development comprising jobs, shopping, leisure and services offers a realistic choice of access by public transport, walking, and cycling, recognising that this may be less achievable in some rural areas; Ensure that strategies in the development and local transport plan complement each other and that consideration of development plan allocations and local transport investment and priorities are closely linked; Use parking polices, alongside other planning and transport measures, to promote sustainable transport choices and reduce reliance on the car for work and other journeys; Give priority to people over ease of traffic movement and plan to provide more road space to pedestrians; cyclists and public transport in town centres, local neighbourhoods and other areas with a mixture of land uses.
Sets out how archaeological remains should be
preserved and recorded.
Heritage & Landscape
PPG17 Planning for
Promoting more sustainable development by
Open Space, Sport and
ensuring that open space, sports and recreational
facilities (particularly in urban areas) are easily
accessible by walking and cycling and that more heavily used or intensive spots and recreational facilities are planned for locations well served by public transport.
Lincolnshire Wolds Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty Management Plan
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Plan, Programme,
Aims and Objectives
Framework
Objectives
relevant to
PPP
PPG21: Tourism (1992)
Outlines the economic significance of tourism and
Tourism Economic
its environmental impact
PPG24 Planning and
New development involving noisy activities should,
if possible, be sited away from noise-sensitive land
Local planning authorities should consider whether it is practicable to control or reduce noise levels, or to mitigate the impact of noise, through the use of conditions or planning obligations.
Outlines the key principles that should be applied
to ensure that development plans and decisions
taken on planning applications contribute to the
delivery of sustainable development. Development plans should ensure that sustainable development is pursued in an integrated manner, development plans should promote outcomes in which environmental, economic and social objectives are achieved together over time. Regional planning bodies and local planning authorities should ensure that development plans contribute to global sustainability by addressing the causes and potential impacts of climate change. A spatial planning approach should be at the heart of planning for sustainable development. Planning policies should promote high quality inclusive design in the layout of new developments and individual buildings in terms of function and impact. Design which fails to take the opportunities available for improving the character and quality of
Lincolnshire Wolds Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty Management Plan
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Plan, Programme,
Aims and Objectives
Framework
Objectives
relevant to
PPP
an area should not be accepted. Development plans should also contain clear, comprehensive and inclusive access policies. Community involvement is an essential element in delivering sustainable development and creating sustainable and safe communities.
High quality housing that is well-designed and built
to a high standard.
A mix of housing, both market and affordable,
particularly in terms of tenure and price, to support a wide variety of households in all areas, both urban and rural; A sufficient quantity of housing taking into account need and demand and seeking to improve choice; Housing developments in suitable locations, which offer a good range of community facilities and with good access to jobs, key services and infrastructure; A flexible, responsive supply of land – managed in a way that makes efficient and effective use of land, including re-use of previously-developed land, where appropriate.
Planning for the
The Government's overarching aim is that the
Historic Environment:
historic environment and its heritage assets should
Historic Environment
be conserved and enjoyed for the quality of life
Planning Practice Guide
they bring to this and future generations. To
achieve this, the Government's objectives for planning for the historic environment are:
• to deliver sustainable development by
ensuring that policies and decisions
Lincolnshire Wolds Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty Management Plan
Strategic Environmental Assessment
Plan, Programme,
Aims and Objectives
Framework
Objectives
relevant to
PPP
concerning the historic environment;
• to conserve England's heritage assets in a
manner appropriate to their significance;
to contribute to our knowledge and understanding of our past.
PPS6: Planning for Town
Enhance existing centres by focussing future
development in those centres. Meet the needs of
the entire community, particularly socially-excluded
To raise the quality of life and the environment in
Development in Rural
rural areas. To promote more sustainable patterns
of development. To promote the development of
the English regions by improving their economic performance. To promote sustainable, diverse and adaptable agriculture sectors. A landscape character approach to landscape protection is actively encouraged.
PPS9 Biodiversity and
This sets out the Government's vision for
Geological Conservation
conserving and enhancing biological diversity in
England, together with a programme of work to
achieve it. It includes the broad aim that planning, construction, development and regeneration should have minimal impacts on biodiversity and enhance it wherever possible. Regional planning bodies and local planning authorities should adhere to the key principles to ensure that the potential impacts of planning
Lincolnshire Wolds Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty Management Plan
Strategic Environmental Assessment
Plan, Programme,
Aims and Objectives
Framework
Objectives
relevant to
PPP
decisions on biodiversity and geological conservation are fully considered. Development plan policies and planning decisions should be based upon up-to-date information about the environmental characteristics of their areas. Plan policies and planning decisions should aim to maintain, and enhance, restore or add to biodiversity and geological conservation interests. Plan policies on the form and location of development should take a strategic approach to the conservation, enhancement and restoration of biodiversity and geology, and recognise the contributions that sites, areas and features, both individually and in combination, make to conserve these resources. Plan policies should promote opportunities for the incorporation of beneficial biodiversity and geological features within the design of development. Development proposals where the principal objective is to conserve or enhance biodiversity and geological conservation interests should be permitted. The aim of planning decisions should be to prevent harm to biodiversity and geological conservation interests.
PPS10 Planning for
Regional planning bodies and all planning
Sustainable Waste
authorities should, to the extent appropriate to their
responsibilities, prepare and deliver planning
strategies that (amongst other priorities) help deliver sustainable development through driving waste management up the waste hierarchy, addressing waste as a resource and looking to disposal as the last option, but one which must be adequately catered for.
Lincolnshire Wolds Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty Management Plan
Strategic Environmental Assessment
Plan, Programme,
Aims and Objectives
Framework
Objectives
relevant to
PPP
PPS12 Local Spatial
PPS 12 sets out government policy for local spatial
planning. It provides specific guidance on core
strategies, other Development Plan Documents (DPD) and Supplementary Planning Documents (SPD).
DPD's must be sound and this has been described as being JUSTIFIED, EFFECTIVE and consistent with NATIONAL POLICY. "Justified" means that the document must be: founded on a robust and credible evidence base the most appropriate strategy when considered against the reasonable alternatives. "Effective" means that the document must be: deliverable flexible able to be monitored All DPD's must include a sustainability appraisal.
Promote and encourage development of renewable
energy resources;
Renewable energy developments can contribute to all four elements of the Government's sustainable development strategy; Sets a target to cut carbon dioxide emissions by 60% by 2050 and generate 10% of UK electricity from renewable energy sources by 2010, and 20% by 2020.
PPS23 Planning and
The overall aim of this policy is to ensure the
Economic Population
Pollution Control ODPM
sustainable and beneficial use of land (and in
particular encouraging reuse of previously
note: Appendix 2B of
developed land in preference to Greenfield sites)
Annex 2 to PPS23 has
Within this aim, polluting activities that are
been cancelled by the
necessary for society and the economy should be
Department's letter of 30
so sited and planned, and subject to such planning
May 2008 to Chief
conditions, that their adverse effects are minimised
Lincolnshire Wolds Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty Management Plan
Strategic Environmental Assessment
Plan, Programme,
Aims and Objectives
Framework
Objectives
relevant to
PPP
Planning Officers.
and contained to within acceptable limits.
PPS 25 Development
The aims of PPS25 are to ensure that flood risk is
taken into account at all stages in the planning
process to avoid inappropriate development in areas at risk of flooding, and to direct development away from areas at highest risk. Where development is, exceptionally, necessary in such areas, policy aims to make it safe without increasing flood risk everywhere and where possible, reducing flood risk overall.
The Air Quality Strategy
Government's and the devolved administrations'
for England, Scotland,
ultimate objective is to "render polluting emissions
Wales and Northern
A number of set objectives for protecting human
health to be included in regulations for the purposes of Local Air Quality Management relating to concentrations of, amongst others, carbon monoxide, lead, nitrogen dioxide, ozone and particulates.
Wildlife and Countryside
Addresses species protection and habitat loss by
Act 1981 (as amended)
setting out the protection that is afforded to wild
animals and plants in Britain.
Lincolnshire Wolds Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty Management Plan
Strategic Environmental Assessment
Plan, Programme,
Aims and Objectives
Framework
Objectives
relevant to
PPP
The Conservation (Natural Habitats, &c.)
(Natural Habitats)
Regulations 1994 transpose Council Directive
Regulations 1994
92/43/EEC on the conservation of natural habitats
(Habitats Regulation) as
and of wild fauna and flora (EC Habitats Directive)
amended in 1997 and in
into national law. The Regulations came into force
2000 (in England only)
on 30 October 1994, and have been subsequently amended in 1997 and (in England only) 2000. The Regulations provide for the designation and protection of 'European sites', the protection of 'European protected species', and the adaptation of planning and other controls for the protection of European Sites.
The Countryside and
The Act places a duty on Government Departments
Rights of Way Act 2000
and the National Assembly for Wales to have
regard for the conservation of biodiversity and
maintain lists of species and habitats for which conservation steps should be taken or promoted, in accordance with the Convention on Biological Diversity. Schedule 9 changes the Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981, amending SSSI notification procedures and providing increased powers for the protection and management of SSSIs.
UK Biodiversity Action
Conserve and enhance biological diversity within
the UK. Contribute to the conservation of
biodiversity through all appropriate mechanisms.
Working with the grain of
Ensure that biodiversity considerations become
nature: A Biodiversity
embedded in all main sectors of economic activity.
Strategy for England
Lincolnshire Wolds Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty Management Plan
Strategic Environmental Assessment
Plan, Programme,
Aims and Objectives
Framework
Objectives
relevant to
PPP
Our energy future –
To put ourselves on a path to cut the UK's carbon
creating a low carbon
dioxide emissions (60% by 2050) – the main
economy. Energy White
contributor to global warming;
To promote competitive markets in the UK and
beyond, helping to raise the rate of sustainable economic growth and improve our productivity; Stimulate new, more efficient sources of power generation; Cut emissions from the transport sector; Measures for promoting a shift to low-carbon vehicles and fuels are brought together in our 'Powering Future' Vehicles1 strategy, published in July 2002. That strategy is complementary to this white paper: Providing cleaner and better transport, set targets that within the next decade one in ten new cars sold in the UK will be low-carbon vehicles with emissions of 100 grammes per kilometre (g/km) CO2 or less, and that one in five new buses will also be low-carbon.
UK Climate Change
Key priority of the programme is to ensure that the
UK meets its legally binding target under the Kyoto
Protocol to reduce its greenhouse gas emissions to 12.5% below 1990 level by 2008-2012. Programme also designed to move towards the domestic goal of a 20% reduction in carbon dioxide emissions below 1990 levels by 2010.
National Planning
Sets out the legal requirements for the control of
development and alterations which affect buildings,
Conservation Areas) Act
including those which are Listed or in Conservation
Areas, and the framework by which control is maintained.
Lincolnshire Wolds Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty Management Plan
Strategic Environmental Assessment
Plan, Programme,
Aims and Objectives
Framework
Objectives
relevant to
PPP
Conservation of the built heritage. Protection of listed buildings and conservation areas.
Ancient Monuments and
Provides for nationally important archaeological
Archaeological Areas Act
sites to be statutorily protected as Scheduled
Ancient Monuments.
The historic environment is accessible to everyone
Environment: A Force for
and is seen as something with which the whole of
society can identify and engage.
DCMS/DLTR (2001)
The historic environment is protected and
sustained for the benefit of our own and future
The National Trust Our
This strategy is focused on four issues - cultural
Future – join in Our
heritage, our natural world, climate change and
strategy to 2010 and
local food. It also identifies plans to tackle each
issue. The Trust by means of the following statements pledges to address the identified issues: We will enjoy the uniqueness, beauty and shared sense of pride and belonging that these wonderful places give us. We will involve our visitors more closely with our conservation work. We will partner organisations to foster and encourage our wildlife- both flora and fauna.
National Association for
The aim for the next three to five years is to build
Areas of Outstanding
on the progress made so far by:
Natural Beauty –
Creating an effective internal communication
Business Plan (visions
network amongst members so that they are well
Lincolnshire Wolds Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty Management Plan
Strategic Environmental Assessment
Plan, Programme,
Aims and Objectives
Framework
Objectives
relevant to
PPP
and aims) 2008 - 2011
informed about matters both political and technical affecting AONBs and can learn from each others experience;
Developing the Association's Parliamentary contacts so that all MPs and Members of the House of Lords with AONBs in their constituency or who have an interest in conservation are aware of the Association and recognise it as a legitimate voice of AONB interests;
Developing a wide range of contacts both in the UK and Europe with both government and non-governmental organisations concerned with IUCN Category IV protected landscapes in order to promote the awareness and commitment to AONBs;
Become proactive rather than reactive in working with Government departments and agencies to strengthen public policy and practice in pursuit of the purposes for designating AONBs;
Acting as a focus for technical information and expertise on the protection and management of AONBs. This might include management of national data collections, clearing house for experience and expertise of AONBs in membership of the Association or involvement in specific pieces of research of relevance to the aims and objectives of AONB managers;
Strengthening the structure of the organisation so that it can deliver all the activities to achieve its vision in an effective and efficient way.
Lincolnshire Wolds Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty Management Plan
Strategic Environmental Assessment
Plan, Programme,
Aims and Objectives
Framework
Objectives
relevant to
PPP
Environmental Quality in
Planning authorities should consider more
Spatial Planning. English
ambitious initiatives for the conservation,
Heritage et al (2005)
enhancement and better management of the
environment and rural areas.
Heritage Counts 2007
Heritage Counts 2007 is the sixth annual survey of
the state of England's historic environment. The
Historic Environment
report looks at the principal changes which have
Local Management
occurred in the historic environment since 2002
(HELM) / & English
and was produced alongside a suite of regional
reports. It also includes a focus on the historic
environment as a learning resource and on the issues faced by the sector in relation to the skills.
Heritage at Risk (2008)
A series of publications were produced as part of
English Heritage's new national Heritage at Risk
English Heritage
campaign and includes the first edition of the
annual ‘at risk' register. The initiative aims to identify and monitor what's at risk to aid future planning and ensure development of practicable solutions. The campaign has already identified that much of the national heritage is protected legally, and the shift of concern is very much towards issues of abandonment, neglect and decay.
Joint Statement on the
This Joint Statement details a commitment
Historic Environment in
between The National Association for AONB's,
Areas of Outstanding
English Heritage and Cadw (Welsh historic
Natural Beauty: English
government agency) to work together to further the
Heritage, CADW and
understanding, conservation and public enjoyment
National Association for
of the historic environment in AONB's and the
contribution a well-managed heritage can make to AONB objectives.
Lincolnshire Wolds Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty Management Plan
Strategic Environmental Assessment
Plan, Programme,
Aims and Objectives
Framework
Objectives
relevant to
PPP
National Natural
Natural foundations seeks to raise awareness and
Geodiversity for People,
promote the importance of geodiversity (rocks,
Places and Nature
fossils and minerals, landforms and landscapes,
(2006) English Nature /
geological processes and soils) in terms of linking
Rural Development
people, places and nature and recommends a
number of priorities to improve the conservation,
Countryside Agency
management and enhancement of geodiversity. The report recognises the fundamental role of geodiversity in contributing to sustainable development and providing important environmental benefits including helping to absorb pollution mitigate climate change and control the flow of water.
Soil Strategy for England
DEFRA issued a public consultation on the draft
(2008)Department for
Soil Strategy for England detailing progress on the
Environment, Food and
existing action plan and emerging priorities for soil
protection including maintaining soil carbon and the recycling of organic wastes to land. The results of the consultation are pending.
Strategy for England's
The strategy for England's trees, woods and
Tree's, Woods and
forests sets out the Government's vision and
priorities for England's tree and woodland
resource, in both rural and urban areas, over the
Environment, Food and
next fifty years. It builds upon the England Forestry
Strategy (1998) and sets out five key aims:-
• To secure trees and woodlands for future
• To ensure resilience to climate change
Lincolnshire Wolds Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty Management Plan
Strategic Environmental Assessment
Plan, Programme,
Aims and Objectives
Framework
Objectives
relevant to
PPP
• To protect and enhance natural resources
• To increase the contribution that trees,
woods and forests make to our quality of life
• To improve the competitiveness of
woodland business and products
Strategy for Sustainable
The Sustainable Farming and Food Strategy was
Farming and Foods
developed in response to the Policy Commission
(2002) Department for
report on the Future of Farming and Food and sets
the Environment, Food
out how industry, Government and consumers can
and Rural Affairs
work together to secure a sustainable future for our farming and food industries, as viable industries contributing to a better environment and healthy and prosperous communities. Sir Donald Curry was invited to lead a small independent Implementation Group to help coordinate the Strategy and help the food and farming industries become ‘fit for purpose' at a period of great change. The emphasis remains on delivering a range of economic, environmental and social outputs through partnership and collaboration across the farming sector.
The UK Government
Rural Strategy 2004 builds on the Government's
Rural Strategy (2004)
vision of a living, working, protected and vibrant
countryside presented in the Rural White Paper
Environment, Food and
2000 and Lord Haskins critical Rural Delivery
Review (2003). The revised Strategy sets out a new devolved and targeted approach to rural policy and indentifies specific actions across three priority
Lincolnshire Wolds Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty Management Plan
Strategic Environmental Assessment
Plan, Programme,
Aims and Objectives
Framework
Objectives
relevant to
PPP
• Economic and Social Regeneration
• Social Justice for All
• Enhancing the Value of our Countryside
The overarching Government aim is to achieve genuinely sustainable development - integrating and balancing environmental, social and economic considerations at every stage to ensure a better quality of life for everyone, now and for generations to come.
The Countryside in and
This document asserts that the countryside in and
around Towns. A Vision
around towns is a frequently overlooked resource
for Connecting Town and
with significant potential to underpin sustainable
Country in the Pursuit of
development. The new vision for utilising the very
extensive and dynamic countryside both within and
Development - CA 207
around England's towns and cities is presented.
The document recognises the value of making full use of our existing assets by improving spatial
The Countryside Agency
planning and utilising a range of tried and tested
The revised objectives are: Living within
Development Strategy
environmental limits, Ensuring a strong, healthy
and just society, Achieving a sustainable economy, Promoting good governance, Using sound science responsibly.
Lincolnshire Wolds Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty Management Plan
Strategic Environmental Assessment
Plan, Programme,
Aims and Objectives
Framework
Objectives
relevant to
PPP
National Sustainable
The following are identified as key components of a
Plan ODPM (2003)
sustainable community: A flourishing local economy to provide jobs and wealth; Strong leadership to respond positively to change; Effective engagement and participation by local people, groups and businesses, especially in the planning, design and long term stewardship of their community, and an active voluntary and community sector; Sufficient size, scale and density, and the right layout to support basic amenities in the neighbourhood and minimise use of resources (including land); Good public transport and other transport infrastructure both within the community and linking it to urban, rural and regional centres; Buildings - both individually and collectively - that can meet different needs over time, and that minimise the use of resources; A well-integrated mix of decent homes of different types and tenures to support a range of household sizes, ages and incomes; Good quality local public services, including education and training opportunities, health care and community facilities, especially for leisure; A diverse, vibrant and creative local culture, encouraging pride in the community and cohesion within it; A "sense of place"; The right links with the wider regional, national and international community.
Lincolnshire Wolds Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty Management Plan
Strategic Environmental Assessment
Plan, Programme,
Aims and Objectives
Framework
Objectives
relevant to
PPP
National Planning
This Act substantially reforming the town planning
Compulsory Purchase
and compulsory purchase framework in the United
Kingdom. It both amended and repealed significant parts of the existing planning and compulsory purchase legislation in force at the time, including the Town and Country Planning Act 1990, and introduced reforms such as the abolition of Local Plans and Structure Plans, and their replacement with Local Development Frameworks. It also sets out provision during the transition period.
It sets out the specific Local Development
Documents which Local Planning Authorities in
Development) (England)
England are required to prepare and how that
Regulations 2004 as
should be done. The amendment has an effect on
local development schemes to specify that an
adopted proposals map will be amended when a development plan document is approved.
Natural Environment and
An Act to make provision about bodies concerned
Rural Communities Act
with the natural environment and rural
communities; to make provision in connection with
wildlife, sites of special scientific interest, National Parks and the Broads; to amend the law relating to rights of way; to make provision as to the Inland Waterways Amenity Advisory Council; to provide for flexible administrative arrangements in connection with functions relating to the environment and rural affairs and certain other functions; and for connected purposes.
Lincolnshire Wolds Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty Management Plan
Strategic Environmental Assessment
Plan, Programme,
Aims and Objectives
Framework
Objectives
relevant to
PPP
A living countryside, with thriving rural communities
Government Rural White
and access to high quality public services. A
Paper: Our Countryside –
working countryside, with a prosperous and diverse
the Future – a Fair Deal
economy, giving high and stable levels of
for Rural England
employment. A protected countryside, in which the environment is sustained and enhanced, and which all can enjoy. A vibrant countryside which can shape its own future and whose voice is heard by government at all levels.
People shaping the future of their community,
Government Urban White
supported by strong and truly representative local
Paper: Our Towns and
leaders. People living in attractive, well kept towns
Cities: the Future –
and cities which use space and buildings well.
Delivering an Urban
Good design and planning which makes it practical
to live in a more environmentally sustainable way. Towns and cities able to create and share prosperity. Good quality services – health, education, housing, transport, finance, shopping, leisure and protection from crime.
An Environmental Vision
The fundamental goals the Environment Agency
Environment Agency
want to help achieve are:
A better quality of life - people will have peace of
mind knowing that they live in a healthier
environment, richer in wildlife and natural diversity – an environment that they will care for and can use, appreciate and enjoy; An enhanced environment for wildlife; Wildlife will thrive in urban and rural areas; Habitats will improve in their extent and quality to sustainable levels for the benefit of all species; Everyone will understand the importance of safeguarding biodiversity;
Lincolnshire Wolds Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty Management Plan
Strategic Environmental Assessment
Plan, Programme,
Aims and Objectives
Framework
Objectives
relevant to
PPP
The environmental outcomes for which we are striving: Cleaner air for everyone; Improved and protected inland and coastal waters; Restored, protected land with healthier soils; The changes we will seek: A "greener" business world; Wiser, sustainable uses of natural resources; The risks and problems we will help manage, prevent and overcome: Limiting and adapting to climate change; Reducing flood risk.
National Guidance Notes for the
Provides guidance on reduction of obtrusive light
General Population
Reduction of Obtrusive
and for sky glow. It is recommended that Local
Light Institution of
Planning Authorities specify the following
Lighting Engineers
environmental zones for exterior lighting control
within their Development Plans. E1. Intrinsically dark landscapes. National Parks,
AONB etc. E2. Low district brightness areas. Rural, small village or relatively dark urban locations. E3. Medium district brightness areas. Small town centres or urban locations. E4. High district brightness areas. Town/city centres with high levels of night-time activity. The guidance provides limitations for each of the defined areas.
This Regulations require any construction project in
Management Plans
England costing over £300k (be it for new build,
Regulations 2008
maintenance, alteration or installation/removal of
Lincolnshire Wolds Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty Management Plan
Strategic Environmental Assessment
Plan, Programme,
Aims and Objectives
Framework
Objectives
relevant to
PPP
services such as sewerage, water) will need a Site Waste Management Plan (SWMP). A SWMP sets out how building materials, and resulting waste, is to be managed during the project. The SWMP's purpose is to ensure that: building materials are managed efficiently; waste is disposed of legally; and that material recycling, reuse and recovery is maximised. It is the client's responsibility to ensure a SWMP is written, followed, and updated during the project. Although the plan needs to be written at the construction design stage, it is a requirement of the SWMP regulations to maintain it during the whole project. Therefore, the client (or principal contractor) is also responsible for updating the plan with the site day to day activity. There will be two types of SWMP depending on the cost of the project: 1. A project costing between £300 - £500k will follow a basic template 2. Anything over £500k will require a much greater level of detail.
Strategy for Flood Risk
Have no loss of life through flooding,
Reduce the risk of flooding to life, major infrastructure, environmental assets and some 80,000 homes.
Water Resources for the
To improve the environment, while allowing enough
Future – A Strategy for
water for human uses. Recommend improving
the South West Region.
existing schemes and developing some new
Environment Agency
resources. Expectation that over the next 25 years
Lincolnshire Wolds Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty Management Plan
Strategic Environmental Assessment
Plan, Programme,
Aims and Objectives
Framework
Objectives
relevant to
PPP
household water metering to become widespread. Commerce and industry should pay increasing attention to water efficiency.
DEFRA 2005 Making
Expanding our flood warning and flood awareness
space for water Taking
activities; encouraging measures to improve
resistance and resilience to flooding, including
Government strategy for
scoping work on the development and delivery of a
flood and coastal erosion
pilot on direct aid to individuals; and working to
risk management in
improve the evidence base in the case of coastal
erosion, and to investigate the practical implications of a wider portfolio of coastal erosion risk management tools. (This is in response to suggestions made during the consultation on making space for water that new tools were needed to help coastal communities adapt to a changing coastline.)
DEFRA Future Water
Our vision for water policy and management is one
where, by 2030 at the latest, we have:
improved the quality of our water environment and the ecology which it supports, and continued to provide high levels of drinking water quality from our taps; sustainably managed risks from flooding and coastal erosion, with greater understanding and more effective management of surface water ensured a sustainable use of water resources, and implemented fair, affordable and cost-reflective water charges cut greenhouse gas emissions embedded continuous adaptation to climate change and other pressures across the water industry and water user.
Lincolnshire Wolds Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty Management Plan
Strategic Environmental Assessment
Plan, Programme,
Aims and Objectives
Framework
Objectives
relevant to
PPP
DEFRA An invitation to
First stage in the governments proposed ‘White
shape the Nature of
Paper' on the natural environment by spring 2011.
On 26 July 2010 a publication called "An invitation to shape the Nature of England" invited anyone with an interest on this proposed paper to comment and submit their interests to the Natural Environment White Paper.
Government response to
The independent review of England's wildlife sites
the Making Space for
and ecological network considered whether
England's collection of wildlife areas represented a coherent and robust ecological network that would be capable of responding to the challenges of climate change and other pressures. Published in September 20101, the Making Space for Nature review summarised what needed to be done in four words: more, bigger, better and joined, and set out some guiding principles and 24 recommendations.
Government‟s broad response to the review is set out in the Natural Environment White Paper.
National Tackling
This Programme for Action sets out plans to tackle
health inequalities over the next three years. It
Programme for Action
establishes the foundations required to achieve the
challenging national target for 2010 to reduce the gap in infant mortality across social groups, and raise life expectancy in the most disadvantaged areas faster than elsewhere.
National Conservation
This document provides a comprehensive
Policies and Guidance
framework for the sustainable management of the
for the Sustainable
historic environment under six headlines:
Management of the
Lincolnshire Wolds Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty Management Plan
Strategic Environmental Assessment
Plan, Programme,
Aims and Objectives
Framework
Objectives
relevant to
PPP
Historic Environment
Principle 1: The historic environment is a
(2008) English Heritage
Principle 2: Everyone should be able to participate in sustaining the historic environment
Principle 3: Understanding the significance of places is vital
Principle 4: Significant places should be managed to sustain their values
Principle 5: Decisions about change must be reasonable, transparent and consistent
Principle 6: Documenting and learning from decisions is essential.
The publication was produced primarily to guide the activities of English Heritage, although there is a desire to see the document taken up more widely by the sector as a whole.
Table 2-4 County Plans, Policies and Programmes
Plan, Programme,
Aims and Objectives
Framework
Objectives
relevant to
PPP
Lincolnshire Wolds Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty Management Plan
Strategic Environmental Assessment
Plan, Programme,
Aims and Objectives
Framework
Objectives
relevant to
PPP
Lincolnshire's first Sustainable Community Strategy was
Community Strategy for
launched in 2006 with the aim of improving the quality of
Lincolnshire 2006-2016
life of everyone in Lincolnshire, for now and for future
Lincolnshire Assembly
generations. The document provides an overarching framework for partners delivering services across the county to work towards achieving the following vision: ‘By 2021 Lincolnshire is seen as the place where people want to live, work, invest and visit'.
The Strategy's aims to achieve the vision by focusing activity and resources in four priority area:-
Priority 1. Safer, Stronger Communities
Priority 2. Children and Young People
Priority 3. Health and Social Well-being
Priority 4. Economic Development
The document recognises that Lincolnshire's size, its high quality environment and rich heritage offer great strengths and highlights the contribution that biofuels and other sources of renewable energy can provide towards environmentally sensitive development.
Big County, Big Skies,
Phase 2 of the Big County, Big Skies, Big Future
Big Future – Phase 2
campaign involved public consultation with the people of
Lincolnshire to help identify and refine the key priorities
Lincolnshire Assembly
developed during Phase 1. These were:-
Boosting our economy
Promoting healthier lifestyles
Helping our communities to florish
Lincolnshire Wolds Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty Management Plan
Strategic Environmental Assessment
Plan, Programme,
Aims and Objectives
Framework
Objectives
relevant to
PPP
Bringing people and services together
Balancing our lifestyle with our environment
Respondents to the survey felt that boosting our economy should be the top priority, and promoting healthy lifestyles was considered least important overall. The overwhelming response (62%) for what respondents think makes Lincolnshire a good place to live was the county's rural area, countryside and fields with facilities, entertainment, leisure and business all individually receiving under 3% of the vote.
Big County, Big Skies,
This document updates the previous Sustainable
Big Future Sustainable
Communities Strategy and provides a fresh overview for
Communities Strategy
the joint Local Area Agreement programme. The
Strategy sets out a vision for Lincolnshire in 2030 where everyone can find and enjoy the lifestyle that suits them best. Those great lifestyles will come from:
1. Vibrant communities where people enjoy life
2. Opportunities for good health
3. One of the healthiest and most sustainable
economies in Europe
4. Good connections between people, services,
communities and places
5. Rich diverse environments, heritage and
cultures that residents and visitors enjoy.
Lincolnshire Wolds Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty Management Plan
Strategic Environmental Assessment
Plan, Programme,
Aims and Objectives
Framework
Objectives
relevant to
PPP
County Catchment
Abstraction 5, 6, 7, 9
The Lincolnshire Wolds AONB is included within three
Management Strategies:
Catchment Abstraction Management Strategies as
listed. Each CAMS sets out the licensing strategy for
the catchment, detailing how the water resource will be
managed to ensure that there is sufficient water
Grimsby, Ancholme and
available for abstraction while protecting the needs of
Louth CAMS (2006)
the natural environment. In each of the CAMS abstracted groundwater and river water is used to
Steeping, Great Eau and
varying degrees for the purposes of public water supply,
Long Eau CAMS (2008)
domestic and agricultural purposes, spray irrigation and
industrial and commercial use.
Every Street Matters -
Every Street matters is a Lincolnshire County Council
General Transport
project looking at how everyone who carries out works
Lincolnshire County
to our streets and market places can improve the way
the spaces look and feel, and therefore how they are used. The resulting Sreetscape Design Manual includes recommendations for:-
1. Improving the opportunities for cycling
2. Boosting the variety of tree species
3. Ensuring sensitive management of roadside
4. Looking at ways to increase biodiversity
5. Providing on-street recycling
6. Improving footway design
Lincolnshire Wolds Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty Management Plan
Strategic Environmental Assessment
Plan, Programme,
Aims and Objectives
Framework
Objectives
relevant to
PPP
Joint Municipal Waste
This Strategy outlines how the Lincolnshire Waste
Management Strategy
Partnership will meet the new national waste strategy
for Lincolnshire (2008)
for the period 2008 – 2020. Ten objectives have been
Lincolnshire County
established to help deliver the following: Reducing
waste arisings; increasing the amount of material which is recycled (55% recycling target by 2015); recovering energy from the remaining waste; and only landfilling waste where necessary. The Strategy highlights the need for long term education and a greater commonality of services.
County Lincolnshire
The publication ‘Lincolnshire - A Changing and
Changing & Challenging
Challenging Landscape' has been produced to provide
Landscape (2008)
a contextual background to support the development of
Lincolnshire Assembly
Lincolnshire's Local Area Agreement (LAA). The document recognises the high quality of life within the County and its important environmental assets but highlights the need to secure the necessary resources to enable efficient and targeted service delivery. Some of the key challenges identified include those relating to demographic changes, high levels of deprivation, housing and transport and poor accessibility to services, employment issues and the general dominance of a low wage economy. The study also recognises the need to provide a clean environment, promoting landscape and flood risk.
County Lincolnshire's
6, 8, 9, 11, 12
Lincolnshire's RoWIP was adopted by the County
Countryside Access and
Council in 2007 as directed by legislation within the
Countryside and Rights of way Act (2000). The Plan
Improvement Plan –
established the following vision: "To have an integrated
network of rights of way that is relevant for today's
Lincolnshire County
needs, bringing added benefits to residents and visitors by supporting wider interests including sustainable
Lincolnshire Wolds Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty Management Plan
Strategic Environmental Assessment
Plan, Programme,
Aims and Objectives
Framework
Objectives
relevant to
PPP
transport, rural economy and tourism health benefits and quality of life issues".
The RoWIP is being implemented by the Authority under four strategic themes:-
1. Sustainable Transport – Strategic Aim to
increase the use of the network for sustainable transport and utility trips
2. Health and Well-being – Strategic Aim to make
it easier for people to incorporate exercise into their daily lives and lead healthier lifestyles
3. Rural Economy and Tourism – Strategic Aim to
support local businesses and tourism through access improvements
4. Social Issues – Strategic Aim to enable more
people to enjoy walking and riding
County Lincolnshire
Minerals 5
This Plan sets out the County Council's policies in
Local Plan (1991)
respect of mineral working in the County, against which
Lincolnshire County
all applications for planning permission are currently
judged. The Plan is to be replaced shortly by a new Minerals and Waste Development Framework, with the relevant policies in the Plan valid during the interim.
Lincolnshire State of the
This study was commissioned by Lincolnshire County
Environment Report
Council in 1994 and provides the Environmental Audit
into the State of Lincolnshire's environment. The Report
Resource Consultants
identifies over 50 key issues for the County, proposes
on behalf of Lincolnshire
initiatives for future monitoring of these issues and
makes around 80 recommendations. There are a
Lincolnshire Wolds Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty Management Plan
Strategic Environmental Assessment
Plan, Programme,
Aims and Objectives
Framework
Objectives
relevant to
PPP
mixture of specific local concerns along with wider international issues which could either impact locally or may require local action.
County Lincolnshire
Structure All
The Lincolnshire Structure Plan aims to provide a
Plan 2001 - 2021
strategic framework to help secure the efficient and
effective use of land through achieving more sustainable
Lincolnshire County
patterns and forms of development. It sets out
overarching policies and proposals for the development, use and conservation of land in Lincolnshire and for major transport objectives. The overall aim of the Plan is to improve the quality of life for those who live, work, visit and invest in Lincolnshire through the promotion of sustainable development.
The Planning and Compulsory Purchase Act 2004 has abolished future Structure Plans, in preference for a system of Local Development Framework and Regional Spatial Strategies. The Lincolnshire Structure Plan will continue to apply for a transitional period until the end of September 2009. At the County level there will be an increasing emphasis on the future role of the Local Area Agreement and Community Strategy.
County Lincolnshire
This report details a feasibility study to explore viable
Economic Development
options for the development of sustainable energy
Feasibility Study (2008)
sector across Lincolnshire. The study sets out the
Lincolnshire County
current baseline for the County and identifies a series of
Council / Lincolnshire
priority areas to help support and expand the energy
sector including a focus on: integrated business support; developing a renewable energy market; expanding the current skill base; increased partnership working; maximising energy from waste and agri-energy
Lincolnshire Wolds Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty Management Plan
Strategic Environmental Assessment
Plan, Programme,
Aims and Objectives
Framework
Objectives
relevant to
PPP
production; and possible development of an Energy Savings Company.
County Lincolnshire
The County's Waste Local Plan provides the framework
Local Plan (2006)
for directing and assessing proposals which require
Lincolnshire County
planning permission and are related to treating or
disposing of both commercial and municipal waste. The overall aim of the Plan is to achieve sustainable waste management in Lincolnshire in accordance with the principles of the National Waste Strategy and the principles of Regional Self-Sufficiency and Proximity Principle. The Plan is to be replaced by the Minerals and Waste Development Framework, which will include a core strategy and site specific allocations.
Lincolnshire Wolds
The Lincolnshire Wolds Interpretation Strategy was
General Population
Interpretation Strategy
developed for both the AONB and the wider Wolds
(2001) Lincolnshire
Character Area with the aims of:-
1. Providing a framework of objectives and
purposes for interpretation of the Lincolnshire Wolds
2. Stimulating interest in providing high quality
and well planned interpretation facilities and services in the area
desired target audiences
(markets) for new interpretation facilities and services
4. Suggesting a number of specific interpretation
projects that could be developed and
Lincolnshire Wolds Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty Management Plan
Strategic Environmental Assessment
Plan, Programme,
Aims and Objectives
Framework
Objectives
relevant to
PPP
implemented in the future
5. Identifying a role for the different stakeholders
in the area in providing, promoting and maintaining interpretation facilities and services.
Transport 2, 4, 6, 8, 9,
Lincolnshire's 2nd Local Transport Plan (LTP2) sets out
Plan (2006) Lincolnshire
the integrated transport strategy and programme for the
period 2006/07 to 2010/11. It builds on the progress made during the first LTP, particularly InterConnect and CallConnect bus services and the Lincolnshire Road Safety Partnership. The new LTP aims to deliver on: improving accessibility; safer roads; tackling congestion; improving air quality; and other quality of life issues (the strategy includes in the latter - public spaces and streetscape, landscape and biodiversity; personal safety and health, noise and climate change, and impact of traffic)
North East Lincolnshire
All Spatial
Objectives
Local Development
1. To accommodate future population growth,
Framework Preferred
demographic change, and provide employment
Options Consultation
growth in line with the expectations of the
document Nov 2008
Yorkshire and Humber Regional Spatial
2. To narrow the gap in terms of social inequity;
addressing issues of housing choice, working and training opportunities, health, education and cultural facilities; and the establishment and maintenance of a network of accessible good quality open space, sport and recreation facilities.
Lincolnshire Wolds Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty Management Plan
Strategic Environmental Assessment
Plan, Programme,
Aims and Objectives
Framework
Objectives
relevant to
PPP
3. To support the growth of the local economy in
ways which are compatible with environmental objectives, creating conditions that sustain more and better jobs, remove the barriers to accessing jobs and raising skills including support for rural regeneration and diversification and strengthening of the tourism offer.
4. To meet the housing needs of all the
community, including high quality affordable housing, special needs housing and gypsy and traveller accommodation.
5. To safeguard and enhance, the quality of the
built and natural environment. Safeguarding it from the impacts of development.
6. To develop accessible patterns of development
that reduce the overall need to travel and make it safer and more convenient for the community to access jobs and services by use of public transport, cycling and walking; and provide the necessary infrastructure to support sustainable growth.
7. To strengthen the vitality and viability of town
centres, focusing appropriate uses on town centre sites, promoting regeneration where appropriate and supporting the retention of local community and service facilities. Providing accessible and varied opportunities for sport and recreational activities, supportive of active lifestyles.
Lincolnshire Wolds Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty Management Plan
Strategic Environmental Assessment
Plan, Programme,
Aims and Objectives
Framework
Objectives
relevant to
PPP
8. To raise the quality of developments; based
upon the principles of good sustainable and inclusive design, promoting safe, secure and accessible streets and places.
9. To mitigate and adapt to the effects of climate
change; minimising use of natural resources and energy use, reducing waste, encouraging reuse and recycling, reducing pollution, responding to an increased threat of flood risk and promoting sustainable construction practices.
North East Lincolnshire
8, 9, 10, 11
The North East Lincolnshire Community Strategy
General Population
Community Strategy
produced through the Local Strategic Partnership was
(2003) Local Strategic
published in 2003 and sets out the vision that, by 2022,
we will: "By improving the physical appearance of the area and the quality of life for its residents, make North East Lincolnshire a place in which we are proud to live, work and welcome visitors."
The community strategy emphasises the importance of quality of life and quality of the environment in the necessary regeneration of the area with a focus on enabling an Urban Renaissance for the coastal conurbations of Grimsby, Cleethorpes and Immingham.
Transport 6, 8, 9, 12
North East Lincolnshire Council has produced its
Plan (2006) North East
second local Transport Plan (LTP2) for the period 2006
Lincolnshire Council
– 2011, based on findings from the 2005 Transportation Study. The document details how the Council intends to improve the transportation system across the following priority areas: tackling congestion; improving accessibility (how people get to where they want to be);
Lincolnshire Wolds Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty Management Plan
Strategic Environmental Assessment
Plan, Programme,
Aims and Objectives
Framework
Objectives
relevant to
PPP
making roads safer; improving air quality and improving quality of life.
County Strategic
The HMA covers the two Housing Market Areas:
Market Assessment
Central Lincolnshire - City of Lincoln, West Lindsey and
(HMA) (Oct 2007)
Coastal Lincolnshire - East Lindsey and Boston
To identify, clearly define and analyse the housing market(s) operating within the combined study area to enable all partners in the area to work together to develop and implement sustainable policies which lead to balanced housing markets in planning and housing terms.
Gypsy and Traveller
This study assesses the amount and quality of
Accommodation Needs
accommodation provision for Gypsies and Travellers.
Provides an estimate of future pitch need. Identifies a
need of 22 to 26 extra pitches (permanent and transit) 2007-2012
East Midlands Regional
Aims to increase understanding of the region's varied
Landscape Character
landscape, by identifying distinctive, rare or special
characteristics. EMRLCA presents objective, non-technical descriptions of each of the 31 regional landscape character types.
Lincolnshire Wolds Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty Management Plan
Strategic Environmental Assessment
Table 2-5 Local Plans, Policies and Programmes
Plan, Programme, Policy
Aims and Objectives
Framework
Objectives
relevant to
PPP
Central Lincolnshire Core
Sets the overall approach to growth and development in
the area. It forms the context for more detailed planning policies and decisions by >The overall amount of growth in the area >Where growth should be located >What new facilities and infrastructure (schools, transport facilities, open space, etc) are needed as part of development >How the natural and built environment of the area will be protected and enhanced.
West Lindsey Character
A detailed assessment of the special character,
distinctiveness and qualities of the landscape of the West Lindsey District to provide a framework for planning and policy development.
East Lindsey Landscape
The overall aims of the study were to Inform the
Character Assessment
development of strategic policies within the East Lindsey Core Strategy Development Plan Document (DPD), inform both development control policies and Settlement Proposals DPDs; and to provide a reliable resource for use in planning applications prior to adoption of the LDF.
A number of village plans, design guides and/or village
Statements/Character
character assessments have been produced by local
communities within the Wolds to help inform and advise appropriate future planning developments. This
Belchford & Fulletby Parish
includes the Tealby Design Guide which was
subsequently adopted by West Lindsey District Council
Goulceby and Asterby
and Hagworthingham Parish Plan by East Lindsey
Character Assessment
District Council.
Lincolnshire Wolds Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty Management Plan
Strategic Environmental Assessment
Plan, Programme, Policy
Aims and Objectives
Framework
Objectives
relevant to
PPP
Hagworthingham Parish Plan (2007)
Tealby Village Design Statement (2003)
The LDF consists of a number of documents that
Development Framework
contain policies that relate to the delivery and
(which is currently being
management of development. The aim of the plans and
replaced by the Central
policies is to create places that are sustainable and
Lincolnshire Local
attractive to live in.
Development Framework)
West Lindsey District Council
Represents the Local Strategic Partnership's vision for
Council Sustainable
Community Strategy 2006-
"The Vision is that West Lindsey is seen as a place
where people want to live, work, invest and visit".
Healthy Communities
• Residents of West Lindsey Enjoy Good Physical
and Mental Health, and Emotional Well-Being
• West Lindsey Residents are informed about the
ways in which they can improve and sustain their own Health and Well-Being.
Safer, Stronger Communities
• Empowered Communities, Engaged with Partner
Agencies, Helping to shape Local Service Delivery
Lincolnshire Wolds Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty Management Plan
Strategic Environmental Assessment
Plan, Programme, Policy
Aims and Objectives
Framework
Objectives
relevant to
PPP
• To improve the quality of life by promoting a
culture of partnership with the local community to improve the local environment and reduce the incidents of Environmental Crime.
• Residents Feel Safe
• West Lindsey Provides Affordable, Sustainable
Economic Development
• A positive Economic Environment for West
• Business and employment are diverse
• New businesses are attracted to the area
• Existing businesses are growing
• Economic activity is strong
• High number of residents are economically
• There is a diverse skills-mix among local
• West Lindsey balances economic growth with
principles of sustainability particularly environmental sustainability
• West Lindsey is Accessible in the Broadest
Lincolnshire Wolds Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty Management Plan
Strategic Environmental Assessment
Plan, Programme, Policy
Aims and Objectives
Framework
Objectives
relevant to
PPP
The Draft WRMP has been developed to meet the
Limited Water Resources
forecast demand for water supply in the Anglian Water
Management Plan (2008)
region over the period 2010 – 2035, taking into account forecast surplus and deficits across its 12 WRZs. The Draft WRMP comprises a combination of demand management measures, water network transfers and water resource development schemes.
East Lindsey Draft Core
To achieve our vision of "a network of thriving, safer
and healthy sustainable communities, where people can enjoy a high quality of life and an increased sense of well-being and where all new development simultaneously addresses the needs of the economy, communities and the environment"
we will:- define a hierarchy of settlements and identify broad areas for growth within a spatial strategy;
protect and enhance the vitality and viability of our town centres;
protect and improve essential community facilities in towns and villages;
help to keep communities safe and reduce the fear of crime;
require new development to contribute to improving the environmental quality of towns and villages;
create economies of scale in urban development to extend benefits to villages and rural areas;
Lincolnshire Wolds Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty Management Plan
Strategic Environmental Assessment
Plan, Programme, Policy
Aims and Objectives
Framework
Objectives
relevant to
PPP
ensure that service infrastructure is capable of accommodating planned growth; develop where possible on previously used land in preference to greenfield sites.
Lincolnshire Wolds Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty Management Plan
Strategic Environmental Assessment
Social, Environmental and Economic Baseline Characteristics and Predicted
Future Baseline
Baseline information is set out in this report to establish the current state of the area
covered by the AONB Management Plan, and to identify trends in economic,
environmental and social parameters. This information is then used to assess
current environmental and sustainability issues that are evident in the area. The
baseline information is intended to provide a basis for predicting and monitoring the
effects of implementation of the plan. It also helps to identify the environmental and
sustainability issues and alternative ways of dealing with them.
Baseline data has been collected for the following local authority areas:
• Lincolnshire County Council;
• East Lindsey District Council;
• West Lindsey District Council and;
• North East Lincolnshire Council.
Identifying Environmental Issues and Problems
Environmental issues and problems have been identified in the following sections in
order to define the key social, environmental and economic issues which need to be
taken into account when preparing the AONB Management Plan. In some cases
these are constraints which must be overcome, or impacts which must be avoided; in
other cases these may be opportunities (e.g. stimulating the local economy and
employment markets) which should be pursued where possible, or supported
indirectly by AONB Management Plan policies in other instances.
A list of SEA objectives have been defined against which the options for the AONB Management Plan have been assessed (See Section 4.7 of the SEA Report 2010 ). These objectives have been drawn up taking account of the principal environmental issues relevant to the AONB Management Plan area. The following section provides a detailed account of the issues identified through the collection of the baseline data.
The initial Scoping Report was produced in 2008. Consultation responses received from the Scoping Report are published and documented in section 3 of this report.
This section includes an overview of the current situation and covers the topics specified in Annex 1 (f) of the SEA Directive, i.e.
• Biodiversity, Flora and Fauna
• Cultural Heritage
• Climatic Factors
• Population & Human Health (includes transport, economics, tourism)
Lincolnshire Wolds Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty Management Plan
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• Water and Soil
• Material Assets (include housing and waste)
2.5 Landscape
The Lincolnshire Wolds AONB was designated in 1973 on account of its high quality scenic beauty. It covers an area of 558 km2 (216 miles2) within the wider Lincolnshire Wolds Joint Character Area that also includes the ‘Spilsby Crescent' to the south and the remaining Wolds that extend north to the Humber Estuary (see
The Lincolnshire Wolds AONB has a strong unity of visual character and sense of place, characterised by open plateau hilltops, sweeping views, prominent escarpments, wide grass verges and ancient ridge-top routeways, dramatic wooded slopes and valleys, distinctive beech and mixed clump copses, nationally important chalk streams, attractive villages and farm settlements, and numerous historic features of great interest including visual remnants of ancient tumuli and deserted medieval villages.
The National Parks and Access to the Countryside Act 1949 (NPAC) and Countryside and Rights of Way Act (CRoW) Act 2000 provides the principle legislative framework for managing AONBs: The primary purpose of AONB designation is to conserve and enhance natural beauty as set out in Section 85 of the CRoW Act 2000.
In pursuing the primary purpose account should be taken of the needs of agriculture, forestry, other rural industries and of economic and social needs of local communities. Particular regard should be made to promoting sustainable forms of social and economic development that in themselves conserve and enhance the environment.
Further guidance includes the IUCNs Guidelines for Applying Protected Area Management Categories. Categories are described by their main objective, other objectives, distinguishing features, role in the landscape or seascape and unique points and actions that are compatible or incompatible. Under the guidance the AONB would be recognised as being a category V area: Protected Landscape/Seascape. The IUCN-WCPA Protected Landscapes Specialist Group promote and demonstrate the value of category V protected landscapes as a functional and practical mechanism for the protection of biodiversity, cultural diversity and the sustainable use of resource. Category V areas require the following essential features:
• Landscape and/or coastal and island seascape of high and/or distinct scenic
quality and with significant associated habitats, flora and fauna and associated cultural features;
Lincolnshire Wolds Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty Management Plan
Strategic Environmental Assessment
• A balanced interaction between people and nature that has endured over time
and still has integrity, or where there is reasonable hope of restoring that integrity;
• Unique or traditional land-use patterns, e.g., as evidenced in sustainable
agricultural and forestry systems and human settlements that have evolved in balance with their landscape.
The following are desirable characteristics:
• Opportunities for recreation and tourism consistent with life style and economic
• Unique or traditional social organizations, as evidenced in local customs,
livelihoods and beliefs;
• Recognition by artists of all kinds and in cultural traditions (now and in the
• Potential for ecological and/or landscape restoration.
The objectives of a category V protected area are as follows:
• To protect and sustain important landscapes/seascapes and the associated
nature conservation and other values created by interactions with humans through traditional management practices.
• To maintain a balanced interaction of nature and culture through the protection
of landscape and/or seascape and associated traditional management approaches, societies, cultures and spiritual values;
• To contribute to broad-scale conservation by maintaining species associated
with cultural landscapes and/or by providing conservation opportunities in heavily used landscapes;
• To provide opportunities for enjoyment, well-being and socio-economic activity
through recreation and tourism;
• To provide natural products and environmental services;
• To provide a framework to underpin active involvement by the community in
the management of valued landscapes or seascapes and the natural and cultural heritage that they contain;
• To encourage the conservation of agrobiodiversity6 and aquatic biodiversity;
• To act as models of sustainability so that lessons can be learnt for wider
Unlike National Parks – recreation is not an objective of AONB designation, but the demand for recreation should be met so far as this is consistent with the conservation of natural beauty and the needs of agriculture, forestry and other uses.
Nationally in recent years there has been an increasing recognition of the need for social and economic development within AONBs, but of a type and scale appropriate
Lincolnshire Wolds Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty Management Plan
Strategic Environmental Assessment
to these distinctive and often unique landscapes. The Lincolnshire Wolds AONB is deeply rural in character with a sparse and dispersed population served by a series of larger village settlements and surrounding market towns. There is an increasing local debate on the need for enabling the businesses and communities within the Wolds to develop and grow in a dynamic, yet sensitive, manner to help enable a fully diversified and thriving rural economy whilst maintaining the highly prized landscape of the area.
Lincolnshire Wolds Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty Management Plan
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Figure 2.1 - Lincolnshire AONB Boundary
The Landscape Character Assessment The Landscape Character Assessment for the Wolds undertaken by the Countryside Commission in 1993 (CCP 414), (see s the Lincolnshire Wolds as very different from most other chalk and limestone landscapes in the extent and long association with arable cultivation, made possible by the area's fertile chalk and drift soils.
Lincolnshire Wolds Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty Management Plan
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The LCA study highlighted the following outstanding qualities:
• A unique physiography (geology and topography)
• A scenic working landscape
• A major archaeological resource
• A valued cultural landscape.
The Wolds' Landscape Character The Wolds are characterised by open chalk hills with high plateaux and ridges in the north which give way to rounded hills and narrow valleys in the south. The habitats and species represented are largely typical of chalk and grasslands, although much of the traditional open grassland and hedgerows have been removed to make way for intensive farming practices including cereal crops. This, together with some mineral extraction, forms the basis of the rural economy.
The Lincolnshire Wolds Landscape Assessment (CCP414, 1993) identified and described the key features that make the area special and contribute to its overall ‘sense of place'. These features are:
• A rolling upland landscape of strongly cohesive identity.
• A pronounced scarp edge to the west comprising rough pasture and scrub,
affording fine panoramic views to the Central Lincolnshire Vale.
• A combination of elevated plateaux and deep-sided valleys.
• Large rectilinear fields with wide hedgerows from the late enclosure.
• Archaeologically rich, with ancient trackways, deserted villages and burial
• Sparse settlements of small-nucleated villages, often in sheltered valleys and
associated with modest country houses and small parklands. The diverse geology gives rise to a variety of building materials.
• Broad verges to some roads and tracks providing valuable flower-rich
• Occasional shelterbelt concentrates on steeper-sided valley and scarp slopes
emphasising landform.
• Broader south-west valleys of the Rivers Lymn and Bain. Associated alder
carr woodland and tree lined watercourses.
Lincolnshire Wolds Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty Management Plan
Strategic Environmental Assessment
The AONB has features typical of the Wolds chalk landscape, with its wide verges, clumps of beech trees and patchwork of large, arable fields. Some of the ancient chalk grassland wildflowers still remain, having escaped cultivation by virtue of their location on steep slopes that are not suited to machinery.
The coastal plains which rise to meet the Wolds have historically been threatened by conversion to arable land uses and associated drainage with a consequent decline in wildlife interest. Current management practises focus on regenerating and maintaining grassland, inter-tidal and riverside habitats.
The Landscape Character Areas
The landscape assessment recognised four landscape character areas within the AONB. These are;
• The north-west scarp
• The chalk wolds
• The ridges and valleys of the south-west
• The south-eastern claylands
It is important that the AONB Management Plan protects the AONB whilst considering opportunities to improve and promote informal countryside recreation and to help balance the needs of agriculture, conservation and recreation. The following threat have been identified:
• Threats from wind farms, oil exploration and 3rd generation
telecommunication infrastructure.
• Impact upon views within, from and to the AONB, including cumulative
impacts from neighbouring developments.
• Assessing future impacts from climate change including effects upon future
agriculture, biodiversity, heritage and water management.
Lincolnshire Wolds Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty Management Plan
Strategic Environmental Assessment
Figure 2.2 AONB Character Area Map
Biodiversity and Flora and Fauna
Land use in Lincolnshire is dominated by intensive farming. Woodland cover has
been reduced and changes in farming practices such as reductions in grassland, the
Lincolnshire Wolds Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty Management Plan
Strategic Environmental Assessment
use of chemicals, loss of linear field sizes and reductions in untilled land account for most species and habitat loss in the County; which has resulted in biodiversity decreasing in both species variety and numbers.
The decline of some well-known birds such as Lapwing and Green Woodpecker as a result was highlighted as a key concern in the State of the Environment Report. Protection of bird species is still a concern today as 18 out of the 40 species on the Red List from the British Trust for Ornithology's lists of The Population Status of Birds in the UK – Birds of Conservation Concern 2002-2007 breed in Lincolnshire.
Within North East Lincolnshire, approximately twenty percent of the borough is within the Lincolnshire Wolds Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty (AONB) to the west, which lies beyond the coastal plains that continue the Humber estuary in the east.
Although the coastal plain is largely intensively farmed, some important wildlife habitats remain, providing a refuge for scarce plants and animals. In addition, a few meadows and ancient woodland areas contribute are also present within the area. The habitats that are located along the coastal area include sand dunes, saltmarsh, sandflats and mudflats.
Sites of Special Scientific Interest There are a number of SSSI's within and adjacent to the Lincolnshire Wolds AONB boundary. These include;
Candlesby Hill (SSSI) is owned and managed as a county trust nature reserve One
of the best remnants of the once extensive chalk grasslands of the South-east
Lincolnshire Wolds. Together with surrounding scrub and broad-leaved woodland,
the site provides an excellent example of the sequence of change to a mature
system.
The ash woodland, which contains some sycamore Acer pseudoplatanus, is edged by scrub merging into open grassland forming an amphitheatre with the exposed chalk cliff. Herbs growing in association with woody species include false brome Brachypodium sylvatica, black bryony Tamus communis, hound's tongue Cynoglossum officinale and twayblade Listera ovata. Finches and warblers are well represented and include garden warbler and lesser whitethroat. The dominant species in the grassland are tor grass Brachypodium pinnatum, and meadow oat
Avenula pratensis. There are extensive areas of marjoram Origanum vulgare, perforate St. John'swort Hypericum perforatum, carline thistle Carlina vulgaris and burnet saxifrage Pimpinella saxifraga. Plants scarce in the East Midlands include bladder campion Silene vulgaris, dropwort Filipendula vulgaris and small scabious Scabiosa columbaria. Orchids include pyramidal Anacamptis pyramidalis, common spotted Dactylorhiza fuchsii and bee Ophrys apifera Butterflies are present in large numbers and 17 species of mollusc have been recorded.
Lincolnshire Wolds Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty Management Plan
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Dalby HIl (SSSI). This locality is vital in representing the only exposure of the Roach
Stone, a calcareous sandstone developed in the Fulletby Beds of the Southern
Wolds. The site is also significant in having been the source of an interesting
brachiopod fauna - and the type locality for three new species. A key Barremian site
important in Lower Cretaceous stratigraphic studies.
Harrington Hall Sand Pit (SSSI). This locality provides an excellent opportunity to
study the Mid-Spilsby nodule bed and the sedimentology of the sands on either side
of what has been taken as the local base of the Cretaceous System. The site's
interest is further strengthened by the presence of a noteworthy bivalve fauna from
the Lower Spilsby Sandstone.
Willoughby Wood (SSSI) Willougby Wood is representative of the series of ancient
woodlands found on the middle Marsh Boulder Clay on the edge of the Lincolnshire
Wolds. It is predominantly oak-ash and hazel, managed as coppice with standards.
This supports a characteristic and rich ground flora. The site is notable for its
breeding birds.
In addition to pedunculate oak Quercus robur and ash Fraxinus excelsior the field maple Acer campestre is common in the margin and within the wood, on pockets of lime-rich soil. The shrub layer includes dogwood Cornus sanguinea, guelder rose Viburnum opulus, goat willow Salix caprea and the occasional thicket of blackthorn Prunus spinosa.
The more open canopy has a ground flora dominated by bramble Rubus fruticosus but there is an abundance of ferns, including male fern Dryopteris filix-mas and broad buckler D. dilatata. One ride is notable for the quantity of woodruff Galium odoratum and the wood banks are dominated by dog's mercury Mercurialis perennis and wood false brome Brachypodium sylvaticum. Though enrichment of the soil beneath the heronry has favoured plants like nettle Urtica dioica, scarcer plants are found throughout the wood. These include early purple orchid Orchis mascula, wood anemone Anemone nemorosa, broad-leaved helleborine Epipactis helleborine, wood speedwell Veronica montana, yellow pimpernel Lysimachia nemorum and toothwort Lathraea squamaria. The abundance of the moss Fontinalis antipyretica is a feature of the spring and stream.
Breeding birds include heron, woodcock, tawny owl and greater spotted woodpecker.
Hoplands Wood (SSSI) This site is owned and managed as a nature reserve by the
County Trust.
Situated on the northern side of a shallow valley on the poorly draining boulder clay of the Lincolnshire Middle Marsh, Hoplands Wood is one of the best remaining examples of oak/ash ancient woodland in north Lincolnshire. It is characterised by a local abundance of alder Alnus glutinosa and a mosaic of tree species perpetuated by a long history of woodland management promoting both high forest and coppice-
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with-standards. This favours a rich and varied ground flora and breeding bird community.
Pedunculate oak Quercus robur and ash Fraxinus excelsior occur throughout as standards and old coppice. Wych elm Ulmus glabra is concentrated on the eastern side of the wood where hornbeam Carpinus betulus, rare in Lincolnshire, is found. Field maple Acer campestre is on marginal pockets of lime-rich soil. Coppiced hazel Corylus avellana is within a species-rich shrub layer of dogwood Cornus sanguinea, goat willow Salix caprea, holly Ilex aquifolium, guelder rose Viburnum opulus and blackthorn Prunus spinosa.
Dog's mercury Mercurialis perennis is locally abundant. Elsewhere brambles Rubus spp. are found with bluebells Hyacinthoides non-scripta, greater stitchwort Stellaria holostea, honeysuckle Lonicera periclymenum and male and broad buckler ferns Dryopteris filix-mas and D. austriaca. ncommon plants include herb paris Paris quadrifolia, broad-leaved helleborine Epipactis helleborine, greater butterfly orchid Platanthera chlorantha, and soft shield fern Polystichum setiferum, primrose Primula vulgaris, wood anemone Anemone nemorosa and woodruff Galium odoratum all occur in quantity. Of two hundred species of moths recorded the Buttoned Snout Hypena rostralis is notable. Breeding birds include woodcock, tawny owl, greater spotted woodpecker, tree creeper and four species of warblers.
Claxby Chalkpit (SSSI) This site was previously notified for its geological interest. It
is owned and managed as a county trust nature reserve under the name of Mill Hill
Quarry. A particularly fine example of Lincolnshire Wolds chalk grassland, which only
survives in disused quarries or on steep, unploughable slopes. Since this grassland
is in the context of an old chalk pit, its value is increased for it represents a stage
within the process of continuous changes from grassland through to scrub and
broad-leaved woodland.
The grassland is dominated by characteristic chalk downland species: upright brome Bromus erectus and red fescue Festuca rubra with meadow oak Avenula pratensis, tor grass Brachypodium pinnatum and quaking grass Briza media locally common. Within this sward are numerous herbs (each abundant) dependent upon the very high levels of calcium in the soil; examples are marjoram Origanum vulgare, hawkweed oxtongue Picris hieraciodes, wild basil Clinopodium vulgare, wild carrot Daucus carota and perforate St John's-wort Hypericum perforatum. Four orchid species occur bee Ophrys apifera, pyramidal Anacamptis pyramidalis, common spotted Dactylorhiza fuchsii and twayblade Listera ovata.
The hawthorn and blackthorn scrub has abundant wild rose Rosa canina. The areas of woodland to the south and fringing the quarry to the east and west are dominated by beech Fagus sylvatica and ash Fraxinus excelsior with some pedunculate oak Quercus robur and sycamore Acer pseudoplatanus. In the ground flora dog's mercury Mercurialis perennis is locally dominant with violets Viola spp, primrose Primula vulgaris and toothwort Lathraea squamaria.
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Breeding birds include spotted flycatcher, tawny owl and pied wagtail. Woodcock occurs. Both pipistrelle and long-eared bats are regularly seen.
Skendleby Psalter Banks (SSSI) The site is a County Trust Nature Reserve under
the terms of a Management Agreement.
The species-rich unimproved grasslands of Skendleby Psalter Banks represent one of the best examples of a habitat now rare and fragmented in Lincolnshire. The abundance of plants restricted to these steep north-facing slopes of a dry valley cut into the eastern Wolds by glacial meltwaters is maintained by traditional management of sheep grazing.
Upright brome Bromus erectus is the dominant grass species in an open sward which also includes sweet vernal grass Anthoxanthum odoratum, red fescue Festuca rubra, quaking grass Briza media and wood false brome Brachypodium sylvaticum. A Lincolnshire Wolds grassland feature - abundant field scabious Knautia arvensis is found with a large population of the semiparasitic yellow rattle Rhinanthus minor and red bartsia Odontites verna. Typical herbs present include salad burnet Sanguisorba minor, cowslip Primula veris, rough hawkbit Leontodon hispidus, glaucous sedge Carex flacca, bird's foot trefoil Lotus corniculatus and burnet saxifrage Pimpinella saxifraga. Four species of orchid occur on the Banks: twayblade Listera ovata, pyramidal Anacamptis pyramidalis, bee Ophrys apifera and common spotted Dactylorhiza fuchsii. The aspect and generally tall vegetation provides suitably humid conditions for the growth of mosses like Rhytidiadelphus triquetrus and Pseudoscleropodium purum.
New England Valley (SSSI) This site contains one of the largest stands of wet
valley alderwood in Lincolnshire. Nationally, woodland dominated by alder over a
large area is rather scarce since many such stands have been lost through drainage.
The woodland is situated in a deep glacial overflow valley which cuts through the porous Spilsby Sandstone to the impermeable Kimmeridge Clay beneath, producing a well-defined springline along the valley side.
The ground below the springline is wet and largely dominated by alder Alnus glutinosa with scattered ash and a shrub layer of willows Salix spp. The field layer is essentially shaded marsh vegetation with characteristic species such as wild angelica Angelica sylvestris, marsh-marigold Caltha palustris, lesser pond-sedge Carex acutiformis, greater tussock-sedge C. paniculata, opposite-leaved golden-saxifrage Chrysosplenium oppositifolium, lady fern Athyrium filix-femina, red current Ribes rubrum and the uncommon black current R. nigrum.
Above the springline, the dry acidic soil supports stands of scrubby woodland dominated by sycamore Acer pseudoplatanus, ash Fraxinus excelsior and much dead and dying wych elm Ulmus glabra, with bracken Pteridium aquilinum and bramble Rubus fruticosus beneath.
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A small side valley leading to the Blackhill Spring contains stands in more acidic alder woodland. Here birch, Betula spp. replaces ash in the canopy and the ground flora is dominated by creeping buttercup Ranunculus repens, opposite-leaved golden-saxifrage and broad buckler fern Dryopteris dilatata.
High Barn, Oxcombe (SSSI) The unimproved chalk grassland covering the slopes
of this dry valley is one of the best remaining xamples of a species rich chalkland
community once widespread over the Lincolnshire Wolds. The steepness of the
valley sides has precluded the cultivation to which the surrounding area has been
subject. The continuation of grazing at High Barn has perpetuated the site's botanical
interest.
The differing aspects and lengths of turf of the three slopes introduce considerable variation to the overall local dominance of upright brome Bromus erectus, tor-grass Brachypodium pinnatum, sheeps fescue Festuca ovina, quaking grass Briza media and meadow oat-grass Avenula pratensis. The south-west facing slope has an abundance of wild thyme Thymus praecox, basil thyme Acinos arvensis, stemless thistle Cirsium acaule, pyramidal orchid Anacamptis pyramidalis and common spotted orchid Dactylorhiza fuchsii.
Amongst the typical chalk grassland plants frequent over the whole site are greater knapweed Centaurea scabiosa, burnet saxifrage Pimpinella saxifraga, harebell Campanula rotundifolia, salad burnet Sanguisorba minor and autumn gentian Gentianella amarella. The site is also notable for its abundance of butterflies.
Tetford Wood (SSSI) Tetford Wood is one of the few remaining ancient woodlands
in Lincolnshire situated directly upon the Wolds chalk. It contains examples of stand
types which are nationally uncommon. These include southern calcareous hazel-ash
woodland and calcareous ash-wych-elm woodland. The associated ground flora
includes plants which are now scarce and decreasing in Lincolnshire. Additional
interest is provided by areas of unimproved chalk grassland which have developed
on an old spoil heap from the adjacent quarry.
Coppiced ash Fraxinus excelsior and hazel Corylus avellana occur throughout the wood, and on the lower slopes, wych elm Ulmus glabra and field maple Acer campestre are locally abundant. There is some invasion by sycamore Acer pseudoplatanus.
The characteristic shrub layer includes elder Sambucus nigra, common hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, wild privet Ligustrum vulgare and blackthorn Prunus spinosa.
Dog's mercury Mercurialis perennis dominates the herb layer of Tetford Wood apart from the local abundance of wild garlic Allium ursinum towards the foot of the slopes. Wood anemone Anemone nemorosa and nettle-leaved bellflower Campanula trachelium are fairly frequent, while bluebell Hyacinthoides non-scripta is locally abundant. Other typical plants include primrose Primula vulgaris, red campion Silene dioica, lesser celandine Ranunculus ficaria, moschatel Adoxa moschatellina,
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twayblade Listera ovata and sanicle Sanicula europaea. The richness of the site combined with the presence of a number of the more vulnerable woodland plants, such as herb paris Paris quadrifolia and broad-leaved helleborine Epipactis helleborine, is indicative of Tetford Wood's ancient origin.
Calceby Marsh (SSSI) Calceby Marsh is of national importance as an outstanding
example of a base-rich marsh. This habitat type typically follows the distribution of
calcareous springlines and streams, in this case Calceby Beck, a Lincolnshire Wolds
chalk stream. Such areas of base-rich marsh are becoming increasingly scarce in
the county, as elsewhere in England, through the effects of drainage and other
agricultural improvements.
The site consists of 3 areas of marshland, each differing slightly in its species composition, surrounded by tussocky neutral grassland which is of value to breeding snipe and lapwing. A small stream, fringed by alders Alnus glutinosa and willows Salix spp., runs along the eastern boundary of the site.
The base-rich marsh communities are locally dominated by lesser pond-sedge Carex acutiformis, hard rush Juncus inflexus, jointed rush J. articulatus, meadowsweet Filipendula ulmaria and blunt-flowered rush J. subnodulosus. The wetland areas are further characterised by marsh marigold Caltha palustris, common spike-rush Eleocharis palustris, common marsh-bedstraw Galium palustre, ragged robin Lychnis flos-cuculi and southern marsh-orchid Dactylorhiza majalis spp. praetermissa. Parts of the southern area may have developed on peat rather than silt, with species such as bogbean Menyanthes trifoliata and common cotton-grass Eriophorum angustifolium. In the wettest areas, where shallow standing water is present, tubular water dropwort Oenanthe fistulosa and marsh arrowgrass Triglochin palustris occur. Over past years, Calceby Marsh has been very well surveyed for moths, and at least 4 notable species have been recorded here. The site is one of the few stations in the county, outside the Cambridgeshire Fens, where the marsh moth Athetis palustris occurs.
Swaby Valley (SSSI) The site is a County Trust nature reserve under the terms of a
management agreement.
This glacial overflow valley supports two habitats now scarce in Lincolnshire - floristically diverse, lime-rich marsh and unimproved chalk turf. The marsh borders a stream bisecting the valley floor and the interest of the grassland is increased by the terraced nature of the slopes.
Amongst the dominant tor-grass Brachypodium pinnatum are typical chalk herbs including salad burnet Sanguisorba minor and burnet saxifrage Pimpinella saxifraga. The shorter finer turf of sheep's fescue Festuca ovina has abundant mouse-ear hawkweed Hieracium pilosella, purging flax Linum catharticum, stemless thistle Cirsium acaule and wild thyme Thymus praecox. A feature of the north facing slope is the number of common spotted and pyramidal orchids Dactylorhiza fuchsia and Anacamptis pyramidalis amongst small and devil's bit scabious Scabiosa columbaria
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and Succisa pratensis. Scattered hawthorn scrub provides structural diversity and sheltered conditions favourable to some fifteen species of butterfly.
Hard and jointed rushes Juncus inflexus and J. articulatus dominate the marsh providing cover for breeding snipe. Greater bird's-foot trefoil Lotus uliginosus, fleabane Pulicaria dysenterica and meadowsweet Filipendula ulmaria are all abundant. The wet conditions favour orchids and the marsh arrowgrass Triglochin palustris.
Silverines Meadows (SSSI) Part of the site is owned and managed as a nature
reserve by the Lincolnshire and South Humberside Trust for Nature Conservation.
This site provides a good example of a gradation of unimproved grassland types from those typical of dry, sandy soils through to a base-rich marsh community. These habitat types are now scarce in the East Midlands as they are particularly vulnerable to agricultural improvement.
The areas of dry grassland are dominated by sheep's fescue Festuca rubra and common bent Agrostis capillaris, together with sweet vernal grass Anthoxanthum odoratum and heath grass Danthonia decumbens. Many herbs typical of sandy, freely-draining soil are present, including mouse ear hawkweed Hieracium pilosella, common cat's ear Hypochoeris radicata, bird's-foot Ornithopus perpusillus, lady's bedstraw Galium verum, field woodrush Luzula campestris and tormentil Potentilla erecta. Outcrops of Spilsby Sandstone contain small pockets of soil which support early hair-grass Aira praecox and the calcifuge moss Polytrichum juniperinum.
The flushes and marshy areas are dominated by soft, jointed and blunt-flowered rushes Juncus effusus, J. articulatus and J. subnodulosus, in association with abundant meadowsweet Filipendula ulmaria, water avens Geium rivale, tufted hair-grass Deschampsia cespitosa, marsh marigold Caltha palustris, great burnet Sanguisorba officinalis and greater bird's-foot trefoil Lotus uliginosus. The wettest areas are characterised by water and marsh horsetails Equisetum fluviatile and E. palustre with fool's watercress Apium nodiflorum, ragged robin Lychnis flos-cuculi and common spike-rush Eleocharis palustris. There are large populations of common spotted and southern marsh orchids Dactylorhiza fuchsii and D. praetermissa in addition to 5 species of sedge Carex sp., typical of the poorly-draining conditions.
Red Hill (SSSI) A Local Nature Reserve. Part owned, part leased and wholly
managed by the County Trust. This site includes one of the only two Lincolnshire
permanent chalk grassland areas which survives on an escarpment too steep for
cultivation. Adjoining species rich grassland is associated with an old quarry with an
exposure of red chalk which gives the site its name.
The turf is typically dominated in parts by upright brome Bromus erectus and tor-grass Brachypodium pinnatum in association with lime, requiring plants like salad burnet Sanguisorba minor, marjoram Origanum vulgare and burnet saxifrage
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Pimpinella saxifraga. Plants scarce and diminishing in the county which are found here in abundance are eyebright Euphrasia officinalis, yellow rattler Rhinanthus minor, basil thyme Thymus arvensis, rock-rose Helianthemum nummularium, bee orchid Ophyrs apifera and pyramidal orchid Anacamptis pyramidalis.
The vetches support good numbers of butterflies, including the common blue. This is one of the few sites in the county where kidney vetch Anthyllis vulneraria occurs on the chalk. Several studies of the invertebrate populations confirm high density and diversity, particularly of leaf hoppers and spiders. Detailed records include over 50 species of beetle, 40 species of bug and 15 species of land snail.
Withcall and South Willingham Tunnels (SSSI) Withcall and South Willingham
Tunnels are nationally important large bat hibernacula for a mixed assemblage of
species which includes Natterer's bat Myotis nattereri, Daubenton's bat M.
daubentoni, brown long-eared bat Plecotus auritus, Brandt's bat Myotis brandti and
whiskered bat M. mystacinus.
These two brick-built railway tunnels once formed part of the Louth – Bardney railway line within the Wolds of rural Lincolnshire. This part of the line closed in 1960. The internal environmental conditions of these now disused tunnels provide a wide range of underground microclimates, which are regularly utilized by large numbers of hibernating bats during the winter months. A diverse assemblage of at least five species of bat have so far been recorded roosting within the tunnel interiors; Natterer's bat Myotis nattereri regularly occur in the largest numbers, with Daubenton's bat M. daubentoni, brown long-eared bat Plecotus auritus, Brandt's bat Myotis brandti and Whiskered bat M. mystacinus. The latter two are difficult to identify in the field but both have been recorded here.
These species are generally widespread across England but are increasingly threatened by the continuing loss of breeding and hibernation roosts. Examples of such large hibernacula are rare in the East Midlands.
Willoughby Meadows (SSSI) is 0.53 Ha area in favourable condition which is
representative of the series of ancient woodlands found on the middle Marsh Boulder
Clay on the edge of the Lincolnshire Wolds. It is predominantly oak-ash and hazel,
managed as coppice with standards. It supports a characteristic and rich ground
flora. The site is notable for its breeding birds including heron, woodcock, tawny owl
and greater spotted woodpecker.
Benniworth Haven Cuttings (SSSI) These cuttings together constitute a source of
data on the biostratigraphy of the Spilsby Sandstone and Clay ironstone in the area.
The fauna of the Claxy ironstone is richer here than at any other locality. The site
shows the lithological variation present in the Mid-Spilsby nodule bed, including the
numerous phosphatic nodules seen elsewhere in Lincolnshire. A key locality for the
Ryazanian and Valanginian.
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Haintan Sheepwalk (SSSI) Hainton Sheepwalk is an area of unimproved acid
grassland virtually unique in Lincolnshire in being developed on soils derived from
one of the rare outcrops of Spilsby Sandstone. This contrasts with the more usual
occurrence in the County of acidic swards on superficial deposits. The steep slopes
have prevented improvement, whilst continued grazing has maintained the short
species-rich turf with many plants characteristic of acidic freely-draining soils.
Sheeps fescue Festuca ovina, common bent Agrostis capillaris, sweet vernal-grass Anthoxanthum odoratum, heath bedstraw Galium saxatile and field woodrush Luzula campestris are locally dominant. Other grasses include heath grass Danthonia decumbens and brown bent A. vinealis. Typical herbs of dry acidic grassland such as mouse-ear hawkweed Hieracium pilosella, harebell Campanula rotundifolia, tormentil Potentilla erecta, common cat's-ear Hypochoeris radicata, common dog violet Viola riviniana and sheep's sorrel Rumex acetosella are present. The northwestern aspect of the slope encourages an abundance of mosses, in particular Dicranum scoparium, Pleurozium schreberi, Polytrichum juniperinum and Pseudoscleropodium purum. Scattered gorse scrub Ulex europaeus on the slopes adds to the diversity of habitat.
At the foot of the slopes is a small area of marsh dominated by soft rush Juncus effusus, jointed rush J. articulatus and Yorkshire fog Holcus lanatus. This area also supports brown sedge Carex disticha, oval sedge C. ovalis, bog stichwort Stellaria alsine and cuckooflower Cardamine pratensis.
Welton-le-wold Old Gravel Pits (SSSI) Welton-Le-Wold is a site of the highest
importance for Pleistocene studies in Britain. The critical significance of the deposits
lies in their geographical position and the links they provide between the
stratigraphical successions of East Anglia, the Midlands and Holderness. Together,
the sections reveal three till units, overlying gravels (Welton Gravels) containing
derived Hoxnian mammal fossils and Acheulian artefacts. The lowermost till (Welton
Till) is generally accepted as Wolstonian in age and has been correlated with the
Basement Till of Holderness; the uppermost till is Devensian. The stratigraphical
position and age of the chalky middle till, the Calcethorpe Till, are controversial and
have generated considerable debate because of their profound implications for inter-
regional correlations. According to one interpretation, the till is Wolstonian in age and
a correlative of the chalky till of the Midlands. The alternative view is that the chalky
till at Welton-Le-Wold is soliflucted and relates to the chalky till of East Anglia, which
is demonstrably of Anglian age and that the chalky tills are coeval. The sections at
Welton-Le-Wold are therefore of crucial importance for facilitating further work to
elaborate a regional Pleistocene stratigraphy for central and eastern England.
Nettleton Chalk Pit (SSSI) The geological interest of this site, in technical terms,
may be defined as follows:
The site provides one of the very few exposures of Red Chalk and Carstone in Lincolnshire. Both these lithologies are excellently displayed here, beneath the Chalk, and the Carstone shows a particularly coarse lithofacies. The rarity of
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exposure of these formations in eastern England makes this locality particularly vital in studies of deposition and lithostratigraphy of the area in Lower Cretaceous times.
In layman's terms, the interest of this site may be expressed more simply, and such a statement is provided below. This should not be taken as definitive, and further information as to details of the interest can be obtained from the Nature Conservancy Council.
This quarry exposes the strata which lie beneath the Chalk of eastern England, and which are known as Red Chalk and Carstone (which lies beneath it). These strata are important to geologists in allowing them to develop a better understanding of the environments which existed in this area during the Lower Cretaceous Period of geological times, about 95 million years ago. There are few exposures of these rocks in eastern England and the section seen here, in addition to being wellexposed, also shows sedimentary features of particular interest within the Carstone.
he SSSIs and the percentage of land which is favourable and unfavourable.
Table 2-6 – SSSIs, Size and Favourable Land
Favourable %
Recovering %
no change %
Skendleby Psalter
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Favourable %
Recovering %
no change %
Withcall and South 4.16 100
Willingham Tunnels
Benniworth Haven
Nettleton Chalk Pit
National Nature Reserves There are seven designated National Nature Reserves (NNRs) within the Lincolnshire Wolds area though none are actually within the boundary of the AONB. Bardney Limewoods is designated for being as a SSSIs and a NNR and has been discussed in section 2.6.1. An overview of the remaining NNR sites is given below:
The Wash NNR (SAC, SPA, RAMSAR, SSSI) is the biggest reserve in England,
covering over 8880 ha. It's also the most important wetland site in the UK. Its vast
mudflats and huge expanse of saltmarsh supports thousands of birds all year round.
In winter, the reserve attracts large numbers of wildfowl including pink-footed geese,
brent geese and shelduck, while in the summer, waders and seabirds come here to
breed. The Wash is also one of the best breeding areas in England for common
seals.
Donna Nook NNR is made up of dunes, slacks, saltmarsh and inter-tidal areas. It
lies immediately to the north of another coastal reserve, are managed by Natural England, 88 are wholly
or partly managed by other bodies approved by Council, under Section 35 of the
Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981. Donna Nook NNR is owned by the Ministry of
Defence and managed by the Lincolnshire Wildlife Trust. The area is rich in bird life.
In summer, breeding dune birds include red-legged partridge, dunnock, whitethroat,
linnet, skylark, yellowhammer and tree sparrow; while the mudflats provide a winter
home for substantial numbers of brent geese, shelduck, twite, lapland bunting, shore
lark, knot and dunlin, and a wide variety of other wading birds. In addition, Donna
Nook has one of the largest and most accessible breeding colonies of grey seals in
the UK.
Saltfleetby-Theddlethorpe Dunes NNR is 952 Ha in size and is located on the
costal dunes to the east of the A1031, between Saltfleet and Mablethorpe. The
dunes, that began forming in the 13th century, support a variety of flowers and
grasses including mouse-eared hawkweed, cranes-bill, storks bill and cowslips
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supporting a range of butterflies, including the recently re-established brown argus. The freshwater marsh area supports many insects and plants, including water plantain, water parsnip, yellow flag, marsh orchids, 11 species of dragonfly and damselfly, various water beetles and a water spider. The saltmarsh area saltmarsh and foreshore a variety of specialised plants provide food, shelter and nesting cover for a range of birds, including meadow pipit, skylark, redshank, oystercatcher, ringed plover and little tern.
Far Ings NNR which comprises a series of former clay pits that have been flooded to
create reed beds. As well as reed beds the reserve contains a mosaic of rough
grassland and scrub, open water and wetland habitats. The reserve is on the south
bank of the River Humber, 2 km north west of Barton Upon Humber (on the southern
side of the Humber Bridge) and 10 km south west of Kingston Upon Hull. The
majority of the Far Ings NNR is owned and managed by the Lincolnshire Wildlife
Trust. The reserve is the most important site for breeding bitterns in the UK outside
of the Norfolk Broads. Marsh harrier, bearded tit and grey partridge also breed at the
site. Wetland birds seen here include redshank, ringed plover, shelduck and dunlin.
Gibraltar Point NNR (SPA, RAMSAR, SSSI) is 429 Ha in area and located one and
a half miles from Skegness. It forms the the north-eastern extremity and entrance to
the Wash estuary and has been built by complex tidal and geomorphological
processes. Most of the reserve is intertidal flats and saltmarsh. There are areas of
freshwater marsh and man-made fresh and salty water meres. Large numbers of
migrant and overwintering birds visit the NNR.
Humberhead Peatlands NNR located in South Yorkshire comprises Thorne, Goole,
Crowle and Hatfield Moors, representing the largest area of raised bog wilderness in
lowland Britain, at 2,887 Ha in size. The site is a SAC for its habitat and is an
internationally important breeding site for the nocturnal, insect-feeding nightjar which
was responsible for the area being declared as a Special Protection Area (SPA)
under the European Birds Directive. The NNR supports 5,000 species of plants and
animals that have been recorded on the Reserve of which more than 4000 are
insects.
Local Nature Reserves In addition, there are a number of Local Nature Reserves (LNRs) designated by virtue of their geologic or wildlife features which are of local or strategic importance. Most of these are rural reserves although two are in urban areas. LNRs are areas of land which are designated by Local Authorities as being important as a local natural heritage resource and/or for delivering environmental education opportunities, community enjoyment and appreciation of the countryside.
Sites of Interest for Nature Conservation (SINC) are sites of importance for nature conservation which are of local value for biodiversity.
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The SEA process offers opportunities to identify negative impacts that may occur through the implementation of the ANOB management plan. Mitigation will be recommended if any negative impacts are identified in Stage B of the process.
The Pingle is owned by East Lindsey District Council but managed with the
assistance of the local people from Tattershall and Coningsby who have recently
formed the 'Friends of the Pingle'. The area was declared a Local Nature Reserve in
2004. Common species include Mallard Ducks, Greylag Geese, Kingfishers,
Pipistrelle and Daubenton bats. The Pingle is home to many unusual insects; at least
four uncommon species use the wet, wooded area around the main pond. Alder,
willow and birch are the main type of tree plus there is an old Elm, which is home to
the rare White Letter Hairstreak Butterfly.
Snipe Dales (LNR and country park). The reserve covers 53.9 ha which is owned
by Lincolnshire County Council and is managed jointly by the Council and the Local
Wildlife Trust. The woodland of the Country Park is chiefly of Corsican pine, planted
in 1965 with a few Scots pine, beech and other deciduous trees. Gradually the pines
are being replaced with ash, oak, alder and other native broadleaved species. The
woods are important for nesting birds. Willow warbler, blackcap, chaffinch, redpoll,
and blue, great and coal tits are common. Other birds include treecreeper, goldcrest,
wren, long-tailed tit and great spotted woodpecker. Tawny owl and barn owl are
frequent visitors and sparrowhawk and kestrel can often be seen.
Wildflowers include common spotted orchid, ragged robin, meadowsweet and lady's smock and, in the wetter areas beneath the spring line, water avens, marsh bedstraw, watercress and water figwort. Snipe were once common, though are now a rare sight, but meadow pipit and reed bunting breed here.
South Thoresby Warren. This former landfill site has been transformed into an area
for both people and wildlife and was officially opened on the 1st December 2007. It is
owned by Lincolnshire County Council who, together with the Friends of South
Thoresby Warren manage the Local Nature Reserve.
Formerly a field which became a sand pit and then a landfill site, the area is a mixture of open grassland, semi mature woodland and newly planted trees. Visitors may be lucky enough to see Common spotted orchids are present in the spring and common centaury and evening primrose later on. Yellowhammer, goldfinch and long tailed tit may be seen at the edge of the woodland and scrub. Buzzards are observed circling overhead. Small tortoiseshell and peacock feed on the summer flowers.
Red Hill is owned and managed by Lincolnshire Wildlife Trust and comprises steep
chalk escarpment grassland, scrub, old plateau grassland, and a disused quarry with
a famous exposure of Red Chalk, which is rich in fossils, particularly belemnites and
brachiopods. The plateau grassland is probably an ancient fragment of Lincolnshire
Wold downland and contains chalk loving plants including localised species such as
felwort, yellow-wort, basil thyme, kidney vetch and pyramidal and bee orchids. The
commoner grassland butterflies and moths, including six-spotted burnet moths, are
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present. The meadow pipit, a localised breeding species inland in Lincolnshire, nests in the reserve. Common lizard and grass snake occur.
Local Wildlife Sites elow is information on local wildlife sites within the AONB. As of February 2009 there are 127 SNCIs, of which 78 have been surveyed by the Local Wildlife Trust, 49 have not yet been surveyed & remain as SNCIs, 44 have been classified as Local Wildlife Sites's by Panel (subject to official LA adoption), 11 are potentially awaiting assessment and 23 were rejected outright. The current total area of wildlife sites within the AONB is 639.81 ha.
Table 2-7 – Local Wildlife Sites
Description
Steep-sided grassy valley with chalk grassland and
Broad-leaved woodland with some alder and a
Diverse chalk grassland on road verges
Rough grassland with some relict chalk grassland
Langton by Spilsby
Chalk and neutral grassland with base-rich marshes
ancient broad-leaved woodland
ancient broad-leaved woodland
ancient broad-leaved woodland
Old chalk pit with relict chalk grassland flora
Ancient broad-leaved woodland
Wold scarp grassland with wet flushes and a rich
Normanby-le-Wold 10
Broad-leaved woodland with a stream
Wooded valley with some chalk grassland
Old railway with grassland and scrub
Dry and marshy pasture
Chalk grassland on road verges
Calceby, South Ormsby
Small tree-lined chalk stream
Dry and wet grassland
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Description
Verge with some chalk grassland flora
Calceby, Driby, Swaby
Small chalk stream
Stretch of small river
Small chalk stream
Species-rich neutral calcareous road verge
Low Toynton and Fulletby
Base-rich marsh much covered by willow scrub
Marsh with tall herbs (includes scarce marsh arrow-
Donington-on-Bain 0.4
Ancient broad-leaved woodland with some conifers
Ancient broad-leaved woodland with some conifers
Welton-le-Marsh 94
and poplar plantations
Pasture on a steep slope with a stream and wet
Normanby-le-Wold
Broad-leaved woodland with small stream
Chalk grassland on both sides of a minor road
Marsh with orchids
Farmland next to the R. Bain
Dry and marshy grassland
Raithby-cum-Maltby, Tathwell
Small chalk stream with some lakes
ancient broad-leaved woodland
Chalk grassland, marshes, lake, tall herbs and
2.6.4.1 Natural
Natural Areas are subdivisions of England characterised by unique associations of wildlife and natural features. Natural England has defined the following Natural Area boundaries within Lincolnshire: Trent Valley and Rises, North Lincolnshire Coversands and Clay Vales, Lincolnshire Wolds, Lincolnshire Coast and Marshes, The Fens, Humberhead Levels, Lincolnshire and Rutland Limestone and The Wash. All of these except the Humberhead Levels, Lincolnshire and Rutland Limestone and The Wash are within either East or West Lindsey Council. Two of these natural areas cross over into North East Lincolnshire, the Lincolnshire Wolds and Lincolnshire Coast and Marshes.
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BAP Priority Habitats
The United Kingdom Biodiversity Action Plan (UK BAP) addresses threatened
species and habitats and is designed to protect and restore biological systems. It
covers not only terrestrial species associated with lands within the UK, but also
marine species and migratory birds which spend a limited time in the UK or its
offshore waters.
A number of habitats and species identified by the UK BAP, have been subsequently transposed into the Lincolnshire BAP. Many of these habitats within the study area are protected by law. These habitats can be divided up into 3 groups: broad habitat types, local habitats and priority habitats which are under threat and have specific action targets associated with them.
The broad habitat types found within the study area include broadleaved, mixed and yew woodland, rivers and streams, and standing open water and canals.
The local habitat types include churchyards and cemeteries, parks and open spaces and road verges.
There are 13 priority habitats within Lincolnshire, indicating the importance of the habitat variety within this area. These habitats are;
• Ancient and/or species-rich hedgerows
• Aquifer fed naturally fluctuating water bodies
• Cereal field margins
• Chalk rivers
There is no regional specific BAP which covers the whole of the North East Lincolnshire Council. Three BAP's have been written for specific areas; Scunthorpe, Ancholme and the Isle of Axholme. None of these areas cover the Lincolnshire Wolds AONB.
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Figure 2.3 LNR, SPA, NNR, SAC, SSSI's RAMSAR Sites
As part of the SEA process, a screening assessment must be undertaken to determine whether or not there is a need to undertake an Appropriate Assessment (AA) or as it shall be referred to in this report, a Habitat Regulations Assessment (HRA). This is in accordance with Article 6(3) and (4) of the European Communities (1992) Council Directive 92/43/EEC on the conservation of natural habitats and of wild fauna and flora (‘Habitats Directive'). The EU Habitats Directive and Birds Directive are implemented in the UK through the Conservation Natural Habitats Regulations 1994 (as amended).
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The screening assessment identifies whether the plan or project is likely to have a significant effect on European designated conservation sites, either alone or cumulatively. Such designated sites include Special Protection Areas (SPAs), Special Areas for Conservation (SACs) and RAMSAR sites. If it is unlikely that the plan or project will have a significant effect upon these sites, then there is no need to proceed to an HRA.
If however it is considered likely that there will be significant effects on the designated sites, an HRA must be undertaken. The HRA will then determine whether or not the plan or project (either alone or cumulatively) will lead to an adverse impact on the site's integrity. Mitigation and alternative measures may be adopted if it is determined that the plan or project is likely to significantly impact upon the site.
There are no such designations within, or in the immediate vicinity of the Lincolnshire Wolds AONB, although the Lincolnshire coast does include a number of Natura listed sites.
Habitats Regulation Assessment (HRA) should be undertaken as an iterative process during the development of a programme or plan that is likely to have an adverse effect on any designated Natura 2000 sites.
Part II of the Conservation (Natural Habitats, &c.) (Amendment) Regulation 2007 outlines the due process for the protection of Natura 2000 sites with respect to development plans. The Lincolnshire Wolds AONB Management is subject to a HRA.
2.8 Cultural
Heritage
The Wolds has a wealth of archaeological and historic landscape features. There are over 2000 archaeological sites, of which 97 are classed as Scheduled Monuments (SMs) on account of their national int.
Table 2-8 – SMs (Sourced from English Heritage)
Monument
CIVIL WAR EARTHWORK FORT 350M NORTH-
EAST OF WALK FARM
SITE OF MEDIEVAL NUNNERY AND SETTLEMENT,
SITE OF GILBERTINE PRIORY AND POST
DISSOLUTION HOUSE, MOATS, 18TH CENTURY GARDEN, MEDIEVAL SETTLEMENT AND CULTIVATION REMAINS
CHURCHYARD CROSS, ST JULIAN'S
CHURCHYARD CROSS, ST MARGARET'S
CHURCH, BAG ENDERBY
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Monument
CHURCHYARD CROSS, ST MARGARET'S
CHURCHYARD, SOMERSBY
CHURCHYARD CROSS, ST MARY'S
CHURCHYARD CROSS, ST PHILIP'S
CROSS IN ST MARY AND ST GABRIEL'S
CROSS IN ALL SAINTS' CHURCHYARD
CROMWELL'S GRAVE, A NEOLITHIC LONG
BARROW 300M WEST OF HOE HILL FARM
NEOLITHIC LONG BARROW 530M WEST OF
NEOLITHIC LONG BARROW 320M NORTH WEST
OF SKENDLEBY PSALTER
ASH HILL LONG BARROW IN SWINHOPE PARK
TOP BUILDINGS LONG BARROW
SPELLOW HILLS LONG BARROW
NEOLITHIC LONG BARROW 750M SSW OF
GRIM'S MOUND, A BRONZE AGE BOWL BARROW
600M NNW OF GRIMBLETHORPE HALL
NEOLITHIC LONG BARROW IN VALLEY
NEOLITHIC LONG BARROW IN BEACON
NEOLITHIC LONG BARROW 940M NNW OF
NEOLITHIC LONG BARROW 575M NNW OF MOON
WOOD, ONE OF A PAIR OF LONG BARROWS KNOWN AS DEADMEN'S GRAVES
NEOLITHIC LONG BARROW 450M WEST OF HOE
GIANTS HILLS, A NEOLITHIC LONG BARROW
575M NORTH WEST OF LODGE FARM
NEOLITHIC LONG BARROW 300M EAST OF
FORDINGTON HOUSE FARM
BULLY HILL BOWL BARROW, 550M ESE OF BULLY
ASH HOLT LONG BARROW
BOWL BARROW 100M SOUTH WEST OF GALLY
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Monument
NEOLITHIC LONG BARROW 400M SSW OF
NEOLITHIC LONG BARROW 750M NORTH WEST
OF LODGE FARM: ALSO KNOWN AS GIANTS HILLS III
NEOLITHIC LONG BARROW, 720M EAST OF OTBY
NEOLITHIC LONG BARROW 495M NORTH OF
MOON WOOD, ONE OF A PAIR OF LONG BARROWS KNOWN AS DEADMEN'S GRAVES
BOWL BARROW 730M SSE OF SOUTH WALK
TATHWELL LONG BARROW, 350M NNW OF THE
JUNCTION OF HORNCASTLE ROAD AND NEW LANE
NEOLITHIC LONG BARROW 280M SOUTH OF
BOWL BARROW 420M ESE OF SOUTH WALK
BOWL BARROW 600M WSW OF NEW BUILDINGS
BULLY HILL LONG BARROW, 300M ENE OF BULLY
TWO BOWL BARROWS IN BURWELL WOOD, 570M
NNW OF THREE TREE LODGE
NEOLITHIC LONG BARROW 870M ENE OF
NEOLITHIC LONG BARROW 850M ENE OF
NEOLITHIC LONG BARROW 290M SOUTH OF
COWDYKE PLANTATION
NEOLITHIC LONG BARROW 830M SOUTH WEST
OF NIMBLETON PLANTATION
NEOLITHIC LONG BARROW 250M NORTH OF
NEOLITHIC LONG BARROW 300M ESE OF
WALESBY TOP FARM
NEOLITHIC LONG BARROW 300M SOUTH EAST
OF FLINT HILL HOUSE
NEOLITHIC LONG BARROW 575M WSW OF
MANOR WARREN FARM
BOWL BARROW 400M WSW OF MOUNT
NEOLITHIC LONG BARROW 400M SSE OF RADIO
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Monument
NEOLITHIC LONG BARROW 650M SOUTH OF
LANGTON GRANGE COTTAGE
BOWL BARROW 315M WEST OF MOUNT
BOWL BARROW 380M WEST OF MOUNT
BOWL BARROW IN TONGUE PIECE HOLT
BOWL BARROW AT MILL HILL QUARRY, 350M
NORTH WEST OF CLAXBY CHURCH
NEOLITHIC LONG BARROW 465M NORTH WEST
HENGI-FORM MONUMENT AND TWO BOWL
BARROWS 500M EAST OF ST ANDREW'S CHURCH
NEOLITHIC LONG BARROW 525M NORTH EAST
OF VALLEY HOUSE: ONE OF A GROUP KNOWN AS DEADMEN'S GRAVES
NEOLITHIC LONG BARROW AND BRONZE AGE
BOWL BARROW 680M ESE OF MANOR HOUSE
NEOLITHIC LONG BARROW AND BRONZE AGE
BOWL BARROW 630M NORTH WEST OF WARREN FARM
RING HOLT BOWL BARROW
BOSWELL BOWL BARROW, 700M NORTH OF
COCKED HAT PLANTATION
BOWL BARROW CEMETERY ON BULLY HILL
LONG BARROW 800M SOUTH WEST OF KIRMOND
SLIGHT UNIVALLATE HILLFORT ON SWINHOPE
HILL 430M NORTH WEST OF GLEN INNES HOUSE
NEOLITHIC LONG BARROW 680M WEST OF
MAIDENWELL HOUSE
NEOLITHIC LONG BARROW, THREE BRONZE AGE
BOWL BARROWS AND ENCLOSURE 600M AND 785M EAST OF POKE HOLES
NEOLITHIC LONG BARROW AND TWO BRONZE
AGE BOWL BARROWS 250M NORTH EAST OF COLD HARBOUR FARM
NEOLITHIC LONG BARROW 300M NORTH WEST
NEOLITHIC LONG BARROW 700M NORTH OF
THORESWAY GRANGE FARM
NEOLITHIC LONG BARROW 350M SOUTH WEST
OF SYCAMORE FARM
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Monument
NEOLITHIC LONG MORTUARY ENCLOSURE AND
TWO BRONZE AGE BOWL BARROWS IMMEDIATELY NORTH OF OTBY TOP FARM
NEOLITHIC LONG BARROW 480M SOUTH EAST
NEOLITHIC LONG BARROW 380M SOUTH WEST
OF THORGANBY HOUSE
MOATED SITE 400M NORTH EAST OF HOME
MOATED SITE IMMEDIATELY NORTH EAST OF
MOATED SITE 100M NORTH WEST OF THE
GLEBE COTTAGE MOATED SITE IMMEDIATELY
SOUTH OF BROOK FARM
MOATED SITE 170M NORTH EAST OF BROOK
ROUND BARROW 240M SOUTH WEST OF
HATCLIFFE MANOR HOUSE
PREMONSTRATENSIAN PRIORY CHAPEL 170M
SOUTH WEST OF PRIORY FARM
Moated site NW of Tathwell Cottage
Deserted village (site of) N of Calcethorpe Manor
Deserted village (site of) of South Cadeby
Deserted village (site) of West Wykeham, S of Little
Deserted village (site of) at Maidenwell
Deserted village (site of) at Kelstern
Deserted village (site of) at Walmsgate
Deserted village of North Cadeby (site of) E of Cadeby OCN NO Hall
Deserted medieval village
Settlement SE of Welton le Wold village
Fordington medieval village
Deserted medieval village
LI292 Settlement
Iron Age and Romano-British enclosure, S of village
Deserted medieval village of Beesby
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Table 2-9 - Lincolnshire Wolds AONB: Summary of Heritage Assets (2010)
Heritage Asset
LCC area of the
NELC area of the
Distinctive features:-
Round barrows and
shrunken medieval villages
Saxon cemeteries
(93) (inc. one also in
(5) (inc. one also in
SM's published at
Listed Buildings:-
Traditional roadsigns
Red telephone boxes No Records
There is longevity of settlement which makes the Wolds a premier archaeological landscape (CCP414, 1993). During early Medieval times it was one of the most densely populated parts of England. The oldest remains date from the Palaeolithic period, with an important stratified site at Welton le Wold which is the subject of a current investigation project (see also Section 4.3 Earth Heritage). The southern Wolds has significant Mesolithic remains, particularly in the Lymn valley and by the Neolithic period the Wolds had become a cultural focal point. The Wolds has an
1 Of the 24 watermills/windmills within the LCC area of the AONB 13 are standing or have been reused as housing, 5 are ruins and 9 are earthworks or from known site records only.
2 The AONB Management Plan 2004-2009
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exceptional ritual landscape including the densest distribution of long barrows in the country and an important grouping of round barrows. Significant settlement and burial landscapes can be traced through the Bronze and Iron Ages and analysis of prehistoric and Roman remains shows that many Iron Age centres were superseded as Roman settlements. The Caistor High Street, the Bluestone Heath Road and Barton Street provided an important network of ancient trackways. The line of a Roman road between Lincoln Eastgate and Burgh le Marsh can still be traced through Tetford and north of Skendleby.
A large number of Anglo-Saxon cemeteries, such as the one at South Elkington, show the continued importance of the area for ritual purposes. The Wolds was important in the formative years of Christianity in the county with a very early monastery at Partney. Substantial numbers of remains date from the Medieval period, with numerous monasteries and nunneries and one of the highest concentrations of deserted medieval villages in England.
The Wolds archaeology is an important resource in need of protection and enhancement. English Heritage currently identify 33 of the SMs at high risk and a further 65 at medium/low risk. A Joint Accord between EH and NAAONB is in development in 2004 nationally, and on fruition will provide an important framework for future integrated action in the Wolds.
Some of the earliest archaeological remains include evidence of Palaeolithic inhabitation, other features include the prehistoric burial mounds of the Wolds, the waterlogged landscape of the Witham Valley, medieval castles and monasteries and the industrial and agri-industrial buildings of the towns and World War II sites and defences, the most important of which are designated Scheduled Ancient Monuments (SAMs). Lincolnshire has a small number of historic battlefield sites one of which, at Winceby, is registered.
The district councils within the AONB boundary have recognised the importance of the man-made heritage; this is reflected in development plans which contain a number of policies which afford protection to the character and appearance of the historic built environment. Proposals for transport developments impinging on conservation areas and listed buildings are expected to respect and enhance their surroundings in terms of appearance. For Lincolnshire as a whole there are 158 conservation areasi and 478 Schedule Ancient Monuments.
North East Lincolnshire communities were traditionally based on agriculture and fishing. Many of the earlier villages have become swamped with development, especially as the towns of Grimsby and Cleethorpes have grown.
There are 222 nationally significant buildings in North East Lincolnshire included in the list of "buildings and other structures of architectural or historic interest", including the Dock Tower at the entrance to Grimsby Docks - the only one of its kind in the country. In 2006, 2 buildings were identified as being at risk on the English Heritage Buildings at Risk Register.
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Many listed buildings are located in areas that are of special architectural or historic importance. These areas are designated as Conservation Areas and have a level of protection from inappropriate development in order to preserve or enhance their character and appearance. North East Lincolnshire has 14 such Conservation Areas.
The authority has records of 1695 archaeological sites out of which 11 Scheduled Monuments are protected by law. The Peoples' Park in Grimsby is listed as a Historic Park and Garden on the English Heritage Register.
Climate Change
Carbon dioxide (CO2) is the most abundant greenhouse gas, and accounted for
about 85% of the total UK greenhouse gas emissions in 2008, the latest year for
which final results are available. In 2009, UK net emissions of CO2 were
provisionally estimated to be 480.9 million tonnes. This was 9.8% lower than the
2008 figure of 532.8 million tonnes. Between 2008 and 2009 there were significant
decreases in CO2 emissions from all of the main sectors, which resulted primarily
from a significant fall in energy consumption combined with fuel switching from coal
to nuclear fo
In Lincolnshire there is significant potential to generate energy from renewable sources, and particularly using wind, the tides and biomass. Since 2004, the generation of energy from renewable sources within the county has been increasing steadily. There are three onshore wind farms at East Lindsey, the Lynn and Inner Dowsing Offshore facility. Additionally, there is a project to kick start the use of biomass, which is carbon neutral, to produce energy. Burning biomass can provide a cost effective way of reducing CO2 emissions.
local authority in the AONB area between 2005 and 2007
Table 2-10 CO2 Emission for Local Authorities in the AONB Area
Authority
Land Use, Land Us
Per Capita Emission
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North East Lincolnshire
The highest per capita emissions in 2007 was found to be 12.5t in North East Lincolnshire and the lowest per capita emissions was found to be 7.2t in East Lindsey. For East and West Lindsey this figure is lower than the per capita emissions of 8.9 t in the East Midlands overall. Overall in Yorkshire and Humber, the per capita emissions were 9.9 indicating that emissions are above the regional average in North East Lincolnshire. All Local authorities have witnessed a reduction in their per capita emissions between 2005 and 2007.
Climate Change Implications for the AONB
Climate change is predicted to result in more extreme weather events, increased
temperatures and rises in the sea level which will be accompanied by economic,
social and environmental impacts. Some of the potential implications of climate
change for Lincolnshire (East and West Lindsey) and North East Lincolnshire are
discussed in the following sections and will need to be taken into consideration
during the development of policies and strategies within the SEA.
2.10.1 Climate Change & Flooding
Lincolnshire's coast is low lying, and as a result, has always been vulnerable to flooding from the sea. It is also vulnerable to fluvial flooding. Climate change is likely to result in sea level rises and an increase in severe weather events and storm surges. It will become more difficult to disperse the surface water that accumulates during intense rainfall events and sea level rises will make even moderate coastal sea surges from storms more damaging. These in turn, will increase the risk of flooding and it is predicted that there will be an increased frequency of severe coastal and river floods.
Flooding can have severe impacts on health due to experience of personal and economic loss and stress, UV exposure and vector-borne diseases. It can also cause significant damage to properties and infrastructure. The AONB is not within any flood zones; however the flooding of areas adjacent to the AONB may result in the displacement of people which in turn may impact the management of the AONB.
2.10.2 Climate Change and Water Resources and Quality
Hotter drier summers and more extreme rainfall patterns could reduce the amount of water available and affect all stages of the water cycle. This could be particularly noticeable in longer drier summers when the availability of surface water in
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reservoirs and rivers for abstraction for domestic, industrial and agricultural uses would be reduced. i
An increased likelihood of summer droughts and soil water deficits could lead to an increase in demand for irrigation and livestock may suffer from heat stress, putting more pressure on available water resources in tWater resources should be addressed within the AONB Management Plan.
2.10.3 Climate Change and Biodiversity
Reduction in summer rainfall and wetter winters could also have a major effect on grassland, an increase in storm frequency or intensity could affect bird populations, and rising river temperatures are likely to affect fish populations. Furthermore, reductions in the flows in rivers could result in a deterioration of water quality as there could be less water to dilute licensed discharges. Increased numbers of tourists due to warmer weather could also lead to adverse impacts on biodiversity.
2.10.4 Climate Change and Agriculture
Lincolnshire has some of the best quality agricultural land in the UK and is the most productive county for wheat, oil seed rape, cereals, poultry, horticulture especially field vegetables (leeks, broccoli, cauliflower and cabbages) and bulbs. See section
It is likely that some crops could no longer be grown in the area. However, there may be opportunities to grow different crops and the longer growing seasons may lead to higher yields and more locally grown produce throughout the year. There may be more opportunities for vineyards and for growing lavender, sweetcorn, grain maize, sunflowers and navy beans. Additionally there may be an increased potential for planting crops for energy production. These changes in crops however will also have implications for biodiversity.
Additionally, climate change is likely to result in an increased threat of pests and new crop pests such as the Colorado Beetle and the European Corn Borer are anticipated.
2.10.5 Climate Change and Tourism
Tourism is a significant contributor to the economy of North East Lincolnshire. Climate change may prove beneficial to the tourism industry as summers are likely to be warmer and drier, and winters are expected to be warmer. This has the potential to increase the length of the tourist season with a resultant trend towards an all year round tourism market. The potential increase in tourism and associated impacts should be addressed within the AONB Management Plan.
2.10.6 Climate Change & Health
While the UK national assessment acknowledged the uncertainties surrounding predictions of likely effects of climate change, it identified a number of potential health impacts by the 2050s.
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Health impacts are likely to include a reduction in the number of cold related deaths, but an increase in heat related illnesses. The elderly are most at risk from extremes of temperature. The effects of flooding can also cause stress related illnesses, UV exposure and vector-borne diseases. Higher temperatures are also likely to result in deterioration in working conditions.
Climate change and its impact on health may put additional strain on the UK health care system. It is widely acknowledged that the health impacts of climate change can be minimised by building climate change considerations (both mitigation and adaptation measures) into the UK's health and social care infrastructure. Targeting improvements in health and social services at the most at risk groups – for example by improving social services for elderly people homes – may also help to reduce the potential health impacts of climate change. Such initiatives could form part of a more holistic risk management approach to climate change issues. It is important that the AONB Management Plan considers how access to these services may be improved and ensures linkages to all emerging Development Plans that cover the AONB boundary.
2.10.7 Transport and Infrastructure
The East Midlands, including Lincolnshire and North East Lincolnshire contain a number of important national transport links and ports which could be affected by climate change. Built structures such as bridges, promenades, pylons, roads and railway lines will become more vulnerable to higher winds, flooding, storm events and changes in soil moisture.
Some roads, particularly those near to the coastline and rivers will be particularly susceptible to an increased risk of flooding. Consideration will need to be given to the need to develop the capability of the carriageway to cope with excess water given the likely increase in the frequency of intense rainfall events. Railways will also be susceptible to flooding.
Temperature changes also have the potential to affect roads, by causing more frequent melting of the asphalt road surface, and railways by increasing the risk of buckling on the rail tracks. Additionally, climate change has the potential to affect emergency services as a result of extreme weather events.
Population and Human Health
Population Statistics and Structure The AONB Management Area remains a relatively sparsely populated area with 97 villages within the AONB boundary and six markets towns on the periphery: Louth, Market Rasen, Horncastle, Spilsby, Alford and Caistor. The total estimated population of the AONB area is 12,915 within the 216 mile2.based on estimates from 1995 statistics
Lincolnshire County Council's records show that the population density stands at around one person per ha, making Lincolnshire a sparsely populated county
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compared to the UK average of 2.4 or the East Midlands Region with 2.5 persons per ha.
At the time of the 1991 census assessed as 584,538, figures indicate that Lincolnshire's population has increased by 83,400 (16%) since 1971. The population of Lincolnshire continues to increase. The rate of increase has fallen slightly from 8.9% between 1971 and 1981 to 6.9% between 1981 and 1991.
The Office of National Statistics (ONS) mid-year 2009 population estimates, released in June 2010, show that Lincolnshire's population increased by 2,300 people, from 695,600 in 2008 to 697,900 in 2009. This represents a 0.3% increase compared to 2008, lower than regional and national changes of 0.5% and 0.7% respectively. This rate of population growth is also lower than the year on year change estimated in 2008 (0.6%), partly reflecting recent falls in the numbers of people migrating to and from the county.
The population of the Unitary Authority of North East Lincolnshire was 158,900 in mid-2008, of which about 1.4% is from minority ethnic communities. By 2029, the population is predicted to increase to 163,900 - by about 5000 people. It is the first projected increase for many years; this is equal to the regional growth of 0.7%.
Around 122,000 live in the Grimsby/Cleethorpes conurbation, 10,000 in Immingham, and the remainder in rural settlements. The population comprises of approximately 70,000 households of which less than 6% live in areas which may be described as rural, 20% of N.E Lincolnshire is within the Lincolnshire Wolds AONB to the west.
During the period 2008 to 2009, the local authority district of East Lindsey has remained the same; West Lindsay has increased by 300 people, representing a 0.3% increase.
A lower percentage of the population is within the 20-34 age range compared to national and regional averages. This indicates the difficulty of retaining younger adults and graduates within the area. By 2009, older people will outnumber children in North East Lincolnshire, and by 2026, people of 50 years or older will represent 44% of the total resident population. Consistent with national trends, it is likely that an ageing population will place additional pressures on services.
The growth in the number of residents of pensionable age is likely to continue in line with national trends and has implications with regard to healthcare facilities, housing provision and transport issues. The growth in car ownership levels in the county reflects a national trend which is forecast to continue.
The roles of the market towns are very important in providing social and economic services for the wider community and provide important gateways to the Wolds' countryside; therefore the AONB Management Plan will need to consider the economic and social well-being of communities based in and around the Wolds.
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2.12 Health
Health Determinants include:
• The social and economic environment;
• The physical environment, and
• The person's individual characteristics and behaviours.
Many factors combine together to affect the health of individuals and communities. Whether people are healthy or not is determined by their circumstances and environment. To a large extent, factors such as where we live, the state of our environment, genetics, our income and education level, and our relationships with friends and family all have considerable impacts on health, whereas the more commonly considered factors such as access and use of health care services often have less of
Figure 2.4 The Main Determinants of Health
Barton and Grant (2006) have developed the Dahlgren and Whitehead model to produce the health map for the local people at the centre, but sets them within the global ecosystem which includes:
• natural environment;
• built environment;
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• activities – such as working, shopping, playing and learning;
• local economy – includes wealth creation and markets;
• community – social capital and networks;
The health map illustrates why the social determinants are of such relevance to local government. The majority of local government services impact upon or can influence the conditions in which people live and work and, to a certain extent, the life chances of individuals.v
Looking at the social determinants of health challenges the notion that health is the domain of the NHS and brings it squarely into the arena of local government. The AONB Management Plan should ensure that no negative health implications arise due to its implementation and where appropriate ensure that the health determinants of the local community are addressed.
Figure 2.5 Health map for the local human habitat
Lincolnshire Health Profile
The Association of Public Health Observatories (APHO) and Department of Health have produced a 2009 Health Profile for Lincolnshire, which identifies some key health related facts:
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• The health of people in Lincolnshire is generally better than the England
average. However, the percentage of people diagnosed with diabetes is worse than the average for England.
• Over the last ten years early death rates from cancer, heart disease and stroke
have improved and remain close to the England average.
• The health of Children in Lincolnshire is significantly better than the England
average. Levels of smoking in pregnancy, breast feeding initiation, physically active children, children's tooth decay and teenage pregnancy are all better than the average for England.
• Rates of death and injury on the roads of Lincolnshire are significantly worse
than the England average.
• It is estimated that the percentage of adults who binge drink in Lincolnshire is
lower than the England average.
• The Lincolnshire Local Area Agreement has prioritised tackling physical
activity, smoking, child obesity, alcohol misuse, and road injuries and deaths.
lnshire compares to the rest of England. The local result for each indicator is shown as a circle, against the range of results for England which is shown as a bar. A green circle may still indicate an important public health problem.
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Figure 2.6 Health Summary for the Lincolnshire in Comparison to National Average
Obesity and Physical Activeness Obesity levels in the UK are increasing due to lifestyle choices; people are less active and do not eat as healthily as they used to, meaning that rates of obesity in adults and children are higher than ever before. Being overweight or obese can have a severe impact on an individual's physical health; both are associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes, cancer, and heart and liver disease, among other illnesses.
In North East Lincolnshire an estimated 28.9% of adults were obese between 2006-2008, followed by 24.3% in East Lindsey and 23.5% in West Lindsey, compared with
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the national average of 24.2%. In addition, 11.9% of reception children in North East Lincolnshire and East Lindsey, and 12.5% of reception children in West Lindsey were estimated to be obese in 2008-2009.
In addition, the percentage of physically active adults in North East Lincolnshire, West Lindsey and East Lindsey was 10.5%, 13.1% and 12.0% respectively, the latter two of which are above the national average of 11.2%.
2.12.2 Ethnic
Diversity
Lincolnshire is less ethnically diverse than England and the East Midlands with 96.19% of its total population being White British. Using the Mid-2008 population estimates and the Broad Ethnic Group population estimate of Mid-2007, the resulting statistics show that in England, 87.59% of the total population are of "White British" ethnicity and 90.32% are of the same background in the East Midlands with the remaining population comprised of black and minority ethnic (BME) group.
Indices of deprivation 10 wards fall partially or fully within the boundary of the AONB. The table below list the wards in terms of deprivation
Super Output Area Code
IMD rating
Caister E01026367
Caister E01026368
Binbrook E01026045
Ludford E01026071
Legbourne E01026070 14498
Hundleby E01026068
Wiloughby & Sloothby
Tetford E01026105
Of the above Wold View ward (E01026415) IMD is below 10,000. Wiloughby & Sloothby ward boundary only partially falls within the AONB Boundary and therefore has no been discussed further.
Out of seven keys IMD indicators Wold View is in the top 30% of most deprived wards within England for the income, employment and heath. The ward is within the top 20% of deprived wards within the England for barriers to housing. Out of all of the above wards three are in the top 20% of deprived wards for barriers to housing with the remaining seven in the top 10%.
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This domain covers:
Wider Barriers
• Household overcrowding
• Homeless households applications
• Difficulty of access to owner occupation
Geographical barriers
• Road distance to GP premises
• Road distance to a general store or supermarket
• Road distance to a primary school
• Road distance to a Post Office or sub Post Office
It is generally accepted that there is a ‘tendency for people, particularly those with young families, to relocate to traditionally more affluent areas as they become wealthier for reasons such as better access to services and a desire for improvements in quality of life'i
Factors such as the development of new housing, particularly in more rural areas such as the Wolds, will also attract new people into an area from both within and outside North East Lincolnshire
At the County level, Lincolnshire's deprivation score has reduced slightly indicating that compared to 2004, the county overall is less deprived. This has also resulted in Lincolnshire now being ranked 98 (rank 1 being the most deprived) out of 149 County Councils in terms of deprivation in 2007 compared to a rank of 94 in 2004.
The indices of deprivation are based on income; employment; health and disability; education, skills and training; barriers to housing and services; living environment and crime. Deprivation therefore is a result of environmental factors, socio-economic factors and health factors.
gives further information on the IMD scores for the wards of the Districts which cover the AONB wolds.
Table 2-11 - IMD Scores for Wards in East and West Lindsey
District
Frithville 12,780
Coningsby and Tattershell
17,614, 20,920, 13,644, 27,837,
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District
26,138, 24,778, 18,266,
Horncastle 22,609,
Legbourne 14,498
20,335, 28,851, 24,049
Marshchapel 15,505
North Somercotes
Skidbrooke with Saltfleet Haven
Mablethorpe North
Withern With Stain
11,866, 11,493, 12,091
Willoughby With Sloothby
Chapel St Leonards
6,944, 7,310, 3,778
Ingoldmells 3,095
Firthville 12,780
Wainfleet and Friskney
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District
Winthorpe 7,939,
West Lindsey Wold View
Fiskerton 14,423
Sudbrooke 25,291
Cherry Willingham
Nettleham 22,365,
Sudbrooke 25,291,
Waddington and Spital
Yarborough 29,176,
Hemswell 12,271,
15,264, 27,042, 23,605
Gainsborough North
Gainsborough South-West
Gainsborough East
2.13 Crime
Statistics
In North East Lincolnshire there were 24.1 incidences of violent crime per 1,000 of the population in 2008-2009 which is higher than the national average. In comparison there were 12.5 incidences in East Lindsey and 8.5 in West Lindsey across the same time period.
2.14 Noise
Noise monitoring is currently not routinely undertaken on a county-wide basis. The Campaign to Protect Rural England (CPRE) identifies tranquil areas of the countryside that are free from urban intrusion. Whilst there is a high level of
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uncertainty due to the subjective definitions that are used, this approach provides a high level broad brush picture of tranquillity in the countryside. Within Lincolnshire and North East Lincolnshire the tranquil areas map t rural areas are quiet with ‘hot spots' centred on towns and strategic transport routes. Sensitive noise receptors such as residential properties, schools and hospitals tend to be located within those ‘hot spots'. There are no interactive noise maps within the AONB Boundary as these were not within one of the agglomerations mapped during this round of the Noise Map UK surveys.
It is likely that residents are impacted by noise from the major roads as these pass by several small towns and villages, HGV movement is high due to the transportation of agricultural produce.
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Figure 2.7 - CPRE Tranquil Areas Map for Lincolnshire
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2.15 Water
2.15.1 Rivers
There are nine principal river systems within the AONB, namely Waithe Beck, Nettleton Beck, River Rase, River Bain, River Waring, River Lymn, River Lud and Great Eau and Long Eau. These provide the bulk of the fresh water habitats ranging from the alkaline chalk streams in the north (e.g. Waith Beck) to the more acidic waters of the Bain and Lymn.
Until the mid 1990s the water quality in Lincolnshire and North east Lincolnshire did not see the same rate of improvement as in other parts of the country. Since then, it has been improving at a comparable rate to other regions.
River quality in North east Lincolnshire and Lincolnshire has overall good or fair biological and chemical quality. In the whole of the Anglian Region, river quality has generally been less good than in other parts of the UK and the region scores poorly in relation to other regions, particularly in terms of its chemical water quality. This has been attributed to the comparatively low flows in the region's rivers, making the dilution of pollutants difficult, and the high nitrate loads arising from fertiliser run off and livestock slurry in agricultural areas (Lincolnshire County Council, 1995).
Nitrate Vulnerable Zones Nitrate Vulnerable Zones (NVZs) have been established in areas where nitrate from agricultural land is causing pollution of the water environment. In these zones, Action Programmes of compulsory measures apply. These measures include a requirement for farmers to limit their applications of livestock manures and, in some circumstances, to observe closed periods for the application of organic manure to agricultural land. Around 55% of England is now included within a Nitrate Vulnerable Zone. es in North East Lincolnshire and Lincolnshire.
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Figure 2.8 - Nitrate Vulnerable Zones
2.16 Flooding
None of the ANOB is located within a Flood Zone, areas identified by the Environment Agency as areas at risk of flooding and illustrated on their flood maps.
2.17 Groundwater
Groundwater is an important resource for direct abstraction for local use by farmers as well as for public water supply.
Since 1 April 2010 the Groundwater Protection Policy uses aquifer designations that are consistent with the Water Framework Directive. These designations reflect the importance of aquifers in terms of groundwater as a resource (drinking water supply) but also their role in supporting surface water flows and wetland ecosystems.
The maps are split into two different type of aquifer designation:
• Superficial (Drift) - permeable unconsolidated (loose) deposits. For example,
sands and gravels.
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• Bedrock -solid permeable formations e.g. sandstone, chalk and limestone.
These designations are then split between principal and secondary aquifers. In most cases these aquifers are similar to those previously designated as major aquifers and usually provide a high level of water storage. Secondary aquifers are further subdivided and support a range of water permeability and storage.
nd e the aquifers that the AONB is located on. It shows that the majority of the ANOB overlies a principal bedrock aquifer.
Figure 2.9 - Superficial deposits aquifer designations
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Figure 2.10 - Bedrock deposits aquifer designations
The Environment Agency has defined Groundwater Source Protection Zones (GSPZ) for 2000 groundwater sources such as wells, boreholes and springs used for public drinking water supply. These zones show the risk of contamination from any activities that might cause pollution in the area. The shape and size of a zone depends on the condition of the ground, how the ground water is removed and other environmental factors.
The Environment Agency divides groundwater source catchments into four zones, as follow:
Zone 1 (Inner protection zone) – Any pollution that can travel to the borehole within 50 days from any point within the zone is classified as being inside Zone 1. This applies at and below the water table. This zone also has a minimum 50 metre protection radius around the borehole. These criteria are designed to protect against the transmission of toxic chemicals and water-borne disease.
Zone 2 (Outer protection zone) – The outer zone covers pollution that takes up to 400 days to travel to the borehole, or 25% of the total catchment area – whichever area is the biggest. This travel time is the minimum amount of time that we think pollutants need to be diluted, reduced in strength or delayed by the time they reach the borehole.
Zone 3 (Total catchment) – The total catchment is the total area needed to support removal of water from the borehole, and to support any discharge from the borehole.
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Zone of special interest – Sometimes a fourth zone is defined. This is usually where local conditions mean that industrial sites and other polluters could affect the groundwater source even though they are outside the normal catchment area.
The following map highlights the GPZ, inner zones, outer zones, total catchment and special interest zones within the ANOB.
Figure 2.11 - AONB Ground Water Protection Zones
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2.18 Transport
The settlement pattern across the Wolds is dispersed, with numerous small hamlets/villages, isolated dwellings and an absence of any large towns making the running of public transport services inherently demanding due to the diverse routes and complex timing requirements.
Links to the surrounding market towns are very important for those living in the AONB. There is an extensive network of roads, but many are narrow and rural in nature. Traffic counts in 2010 for principal intersecting and boundary roads recorded an annual average daily traffic (AADT) flow ranging from 3,170 to 7,670 vehicles on A roads and 1,340 to 4,320 vehicles on B roads, with commercial vehicles making up on average 7.7 % of journeys.
The public transport service is limited, but has been improving since 2000. Three InterConnect bus services currently operate in and around the Wolds including IC3 - Lincoln to Grimsby, IC6 - Lincoln to Skegness and IC51 - Louth to Grimsby. The invaluable CallConnect service operates across much of the Wolds, providing a prebooked ‘dial-a-ride' minibus to link with the wider InterConnect routes, but also providing an additional service to key pick-up/set-down points at designated village locations. The InterConnect/CallConnect network provides an invaluable service for elderly and non-car families making travel by bus easier, quicker and more efficient.
The original community consultations highlighted time and again that the rural transport issues highlighted below are important for residents and visitors alike:
• Limited transport infrastructure.
• Sparse public transport links, especially in the northern half of the AONB.
• Lack of integrated public transport network.
• Increasing loss of rural character through proliferation of urban style road
• Road safety issues, particularly dangerous driving.
• Neglect and vandalism of traditional road signs across the AONB.
Error! Reference source not found. below shows the traffic data for the routes
intersecting and on the boundary of the AONB.
Table 2-12 - Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty Traffic Data
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Northern edge bounded by
intersecting B1225
Northern edge bounded by
intersecting B1225
boundary boundary
Western edge Caistor to Mkt
Rasen intersecting
intersecting B1203
intersecting A631
Western edge boundary north of Horncastle
Western edge boundary north of
Horncastle boundary
Western edge Mkt Rasen to
intersecting A157
Southern edge boundary Winceby to
Partney boundary
Southern edge boundary Partney to
Southern edge bounded by
A158 intersecting
intersecting A1028
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A158 intersecting
Eastern edge boundary
Eastern edge bounded by B1196/C roads to west
intersecting A1104
Eastern edge bounded by C583 Alford to Louth
boundary B1520 Louth
intersecting A16
intersecting A153
3070 280 9%
intersecting A16
8560 860 10%
intersecting A16
10420 1020 10%
Eastern edge bounded by
intersecting B1200
4060 160 4%
intersecting A631
4030 220 5%
intersecting A157
4290 310 7%
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intersecting A16
10165 1186 12%
Eastern edge Boundary Louth to North
11330 780
Eastern edge Boundary
3260 400 12%
A good transport network is essential to the future well-being of those living in the AONB to enable appropriate development and promotion of the area for tourism, recreation athe main road network and access points within the AONB area.
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Figure 2.12 - Roads and Access to AONB
There is strong anecdotal evidence that traffic in the countryside can be both a deterrent and a hazard to recreational users, especially for walkers, cyclists and horse riders. Those who are inexperienced or less confident can easily be discouraged from using the highway network. The provision of designated Quiet Roads in consultation with highway authorities could overcome this problem and help to maintain the rural charm and character of the area.
The increase in roads signs on the edge of the highway has been a recent issue, and partnership activity will continue to assess and seek to rationalise any unnecessary signage. The Traditional Road signs in Lincolnshire project has been instrumental since 2004 in replacing and restoring almost 70 traditional road signs across the AONB. Many are more than 60 years old, and typically comprise concrete post, usually painted black and white, supporting wooden directional arms
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with raised cast iron lettering. The project has been very well received locally and has been promoted nationally as an example of good practice.
Access to Services
Accessibility is central to the safeguarding of sustainable communities, in particular
people's ability to reach services by available, affordable and accessible public and
community transport. In rural areas of Lincolnshire, access to facilities and services
is limited and has been compounded by the gradual loss or centralisation of
services. Improvement to the transport system has a key role in improving access to
services across the County.
Many parts of Lincolnshire suffer some degree of deprivation. In the deeply rural parts of the county, social exclusion remains a problem, particularly access to important services such as health facilities, shopping and employment opportunities. This has been compounded in the recent past by the gradual loss or centralisation of many of these facilities (e.g. village shops, post offices, health facilities). As the problem is most acute within East Lindsey with it ranking among the top 100 most deprived district authorities in England.
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Figure 2.13 - Access to Supermarkets and Service Centres
West – Lindsay District Council carried out an Accessibility Audit 2007 the results highlighted the continuing problem of a lack of access to the regular scheduled bus services for many of the small rural settlements across the District. Although this more detailed study does highlight that there are other frequent and flexible services available to residents across much of the District. There were instances however of settlements not having access to any form of public transport or taxi service.
The main points to come out of the 2007 Study were:
• 64% of Settlements has access to a scheduled Stagecoach service;
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• Of the 36% that didn't have access to a scheduled Stagecoach service,
however of these 36%, 71% had an alternative bus service, i.e. Call Connect or Interconnect Service available;
• 3% of settlements had no access to any public transport of any description or
taxi service and had to rely on walking or cycling to access other settlements;
• Saxilby was the only settlement that had a rail service (although other
Settlements could access Gainsborough and Saxilby rail services by walking, cycling or bus;
• 15% of settlements were not in walking distance of another.
2.20 Air
2.20.1 Air
Management
Air quality across Lincolnshire County is generally considered to be good. However vehicle emissions are a primary source of air pollutants at some locations, particularly in areas that suffer from congestion (e.g. Lincoln and other town centres), as well as within settlements situated along the county's strategic road network. This has adverse environmental implications in terms of the effects on human health and the natural and built environment.
As part of the National Air Quality Strategy (NAQS), all local authorities are under obligation to establish air quality levels in their area. These air quality levels must meet national air quality objectives which are set by concentrations of airborne pollutants considered to be acceptable for health and the environment. If an area does not meet these objectives, Air Quality Management Areas (AQMA) are declared. The authority must then draw up an Air Quality Action Plan to set objectives for improving air quality in problem areas.
There are no AQMA in either West Lindsey or East Lindsey District Councils. North East Lincolnshire Council has declared one AQMA within the town of Immingham relating to particulate matter (PM10 ). This is to the north of and outside of the ANOB boundary.
2.21 Tourism
Tourism is an important industry in Lincolnshire, particularly along the coast, in and around the Lincolnshire Wolds and in the historic settlements. Attractions include:
• Magic World of Fantasy Island (East Lindsey);
• Skegness Water Leisure Paradise (East Lindsey);
• Gibraltar Point National Nature Reserve (East Lindsey);
• All Saints Steam Brewery Museum (South Kesteven).
In addition, Lincolnshire hosts the Lincolnshire Show, Burghley horse trials, RAF Waddington air show, Lincoln Christmas Market and Market Rasen Racecourse.
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In 2003, Lincolnshire hosted 3,058,800 staying tourism trips, of which 5% were from overseas visitors. In total, 11 million tourist nights were spent in the county and the average trip length was 3.61 days. Holidays accounted for approximately 68% of trips, social visits for 21% and business trips for 10%. In addition to staying trips, there were almost 19 million day tripsx
Tourism is a very significant source of employment and revenue in Lincolnshire, particularly in East Lindsey (EMRA, 2009). The total visitor spend was estimated at over £961 million, of which tourists staying overnight spent £412 million and day trippers spent £550 million (Geoff Broom Associates, 2005). The number of Full Time Equivalent jobs is estimated at 15,576, although jobs tend to be seasonal, with just under a third of tourist trips are during the summer months.
The Wolds AONB has an extensive network of public rights of way including the long distance footpath the Viking Way, Sustrans Cycle Route and other promoted trails. These provide residents and visitors with some of the best opportunities to discover its hidden delights. However, many of the footpaths, bridleways and country lanes appear to be seldom visited and this sense of rural isolation is arguably one of the Wolds biggest appeals.
Access to the wider Wolds is fairly restricted as, unlike other chalk upland areas in the country, much of the area is cultivated and in private ownership. Red Hill Nature Reserve, Hubbards Hills, Snipe Dales Country Park and Willingham Woods are the exceptions.
The Open Access mapping process has helped increase increased access, initiated by the CRoW Act. The establishment of the northern Local (Countryside) Access Forum and development of the Public Rights of Way Improvement Plans will enable further consultation to raise awareness of both landowner and public interests including those of various user groups e.g. walkers, horse riders, cyclists, mountain bikers and recreational vehicle users.
Shooting, hunting and fishing, often associated with the larger estates in the Wolds, provides important local and visitor recreation opportunities and helps boost the rural economy. The large country shows like Brocklesby, local fairs such as the Tathwell Art Fair and other unique curiosities like the Tetford Scarecrow Festival also prove popular.
Limited research has been undertaken on the number and profile of people currently visiting the AONB for leisure purposes, although the Lincolnshire Tourism Model 1999 survey provided some insights into the recreation and tourism opportunities of the wider Wolds. The study identifies total visitor numbers (where known) for the wider Wolds as 281,291 and includes the market town attractions on the edge of the Wolds. The survey estimated that 156,000 tourist trips were taken to the Wolds area in 1999, providing an estimated 600,000 overnight stays.
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Tourism is a very significant source of employment and revenue in Lincolnshire, particularly in East Lindsey (EMRA, 2009). The total visitor spend was estimated at over £961 million, of which tourists staying overnight spent £412 million and day trippers spent £550 million (Geoff Broom Associates, 2005). The number of Full Time Equivalent jobs is estimated at 15,576, although jobs tend to be seasonal. Just under a third of tourist trips are during the summer months.
In 2003, Lincolnshire County hosted 3,058,800 staying tourism trips, of which 5% were from overseas visitors. In total, 11 million tourist nights were spent in the county and the average trip length was 3.61 days. Holidays accounted for approximately 68% of trips, social visits for 21% and business trips for 10%. In addition to staying trips, there were almost 19 million day trips.
2.21.1 Staying
A survey was undertaken in 2005 by Geoff Broom Associates on tourism in the Wolds. An overview of the information from this report has been presented in
Table 2-13 – Overview of Tourism in the Wolds (2006)
UK Tourists
Overseas
Spend (UK
Spend (UK
(persons)
Sterling)
(persons)
Sterling)
Hotels 10,630 2.30 £1,760,000
1,140 2.68 £2,066,000
1,930 2.21 £300,000
6,020 5.10 £1,359,000
Group 4,700 2.25 £267,000
Other 5,320 2.73 £951,000
27,720 2.91 £1,771,000
2,290 9.11 £2,492,000
with Friends and Relatives
Total 56,420 2.94 £6,421,000
4,760 9.02 £8,168,000
The overall attractiveness of any area depends on the quality and uniqueness of the urban and rural environment. Visitor attractions and events are also important in drawing visitors to the area and adding to their enjoyment of the visit. A popular festival within the Wolds is the Lincolnshire Wolds Walking Festival, run over a
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period of 16 e total number of attendees since 2005.
Table 2-14 - Total attendance Lincolnshire Wolds Walking Festivals 2005 - 2010
Total No. of Attendees
The main attractions found by Geoff Broom Associates (2006) within the Wolds were found to be the following:
• Alford Five Sailed Windmill;
• Alford Manor House;
• Cadwell Park;
• Louth Museum;
• Stockwith Mill;
• Market Rasen Racecourse;
• Willingham Woods;
It was estimated that 61,180 tourism trips were made in 2003, of which 56,420 were domestic and 4,760 were from overseas. Of this total approximately 49% were staying with friends and relatives with the remaining 51% mixed between different forms of tourist accommodation, including; hotels, self catering, touring caravan and tents and other.
The average trip length for tourists in the Wolds was 3.5 days. Over seas visitors on average spent longer within the Wolds with and average of 9 days, compared to domestic tourists which spent on average only 3 days. The total tourist spend for 2003 in the Wolds was £8.1 million, with hotels, staying with friends and self catering taking a majority of the money. The average spent per night was £39.15.
Of the total trips taken, holiday trips accounted for over half (51%), with social/personal visits to friends and relatives accounting for over a quarter (28%). Business trips amounted to 20% of the total trips to The Wolds.
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2.21.2 Day
The total number of leisure day trips in the Area is estimated at approximately 2.7 million, with associated spending of around £24.7 million. The bulk of these trips and spend will be by local residents. The average spend per trip is estimated at approximately £8.93, with town trips having a higher spend figure of £16.80 and countryside trips also higher at £9.14.
Using this definition, it is estimated that there were 1.0 million tourism day trips with associated spending of some £29.8 million in 2003. Town trips outnumbered countryside trips by three to one. Spending was divided roughly six to one between town and countryside trips. The majority of tourism day trips are likely to originate outside the area (and county).
Average spend per trip is estimated at £28.32, with tourism town trips spending on average £38.29 and tourism countryside trips around £26.32.
2.21.3 Seasonality
The seasonal pattern of tourism in the Wolds has been estimated; 36% off all trips are taken in the summer months peaking in August, The peak of visits to The Wolds was in August with 397,809 visitors this equates to 12,833 visitors per day. The total number of visitors per month for long and short tebelow.
Table 2-15 – Visitor Statistics within the Wolds
Staying Tourists
Day Visits
Overseas
All Staying %
Tourists
Tourists
Tourist
Trips
6,568 3,114 9,692 4
9,890 2,513 12,403
March 9,548 2,963 12,511
17,314 3,186 20,499 10
13,337 3,168 16,505 8
10,583 4,200 14,783 7
18,327 4,498 22,825 11
August 32,105 4,807 36,912 18
16,123 3,789 19,912 10
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Staying Tourists
Day Visits
Overseas
All Staying %
Tourists
Tourists
Tourist
Trips
October 11,893 3,771 15,665 8
6,871 3,495 10,366
13,044 3,4446 16,490 8
2.21.4 Economic
The total spend for tourism in the Wolds in 2005 was estimated to be over £38 million. From this figure £8.1 million was from long term tourists and £30 million from day visits. This expenditure falls into five main categories as shown in low.
Table 2-16 –Total Tourism Spend
Accommodation Retailing
Catering
£1,859,186 £1,182.038
Overseas £587,950 £437,223
Total £2,447,136 £6,910,918
A recent press release in August 2010 from visit Lincolnshirei showed the value of tourism within Lincolnshire to have a value of approximately £971 million. This figure was an increase of £13 million (1.3%) from 2008, which contributes. 14% of the counties overall economy. More than 17,000 jobs rely on this tourist industry where the largest areas of income generated are shopping (22%) and food and drink (18%)iii.
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Lincolnshire Local Economic Assessment From April 2010, all unitary authorities and county councils have a statutory duty to carry out an assessment of the economic conditions of their area through a Local Economic Assessment (LEA). This will provide local authorities and other stakeholders with a robust analysis of the local economy which will inform their economic policies and interventions.
Lincolnshire is one of the largest and most sparsely populated areas of England and presents a distinctive range of challenges for organisations concerned with the socio-economic well-being of a low wage area experiencing sustained population growth. This section outlines the characteristics, which frame regeneration activities in Lincolnshire.
Slow and low economic growth: Gross Value Added (GVA) is a very broad barometer of economic vitality and is used locally, regionally and internationally to make comparisons between areas. The consequences of a low-wage economy are a low GVA. Lincolnshire has one of the lowest GVAs in the country despite the local economy growing by 1% pa in recent years.v
2.21.6 Employment
The population structure of Lincolnshire shows that it has a higher than the national average of persons of retirement age. The percentage of persons of working age in Lincolnshire is only 58.5% of the total population. The economic activity rate of those of working age is 80.8 % which is higher than the national average of 78.9%. The employment rate of those of working age is 77%; also higher than the national average of 74.2%.
2.21.7 Benefit
Claimants
The total number of claimants in Lincolnshire as at November 2009 stood at 61700. The total claimant figures for the districts and boroughs are derived from the DWP statistics of February 2009. East Lindsey had the highest population of claimants of all districts and boroughs in Lincolnshire in 2009 with 15,080.
In August of 2010 there were 5,760 people claiming Jobseeker's Allowance in North East Lincolnshire, 2,210 in East Lindsey and 1,660 in West Lindsey. In addition, 21% of people in North East Lincolnshire, 19% of people in East Lindsey and 14% of people in West Lindsey claimed a key benefit in August of 2009.
2.22 Agriculture
Farming is a major industry in Lincolnshire, with a farmed area of 500,994ha, a total of 7,191 holdings and a labour force of 15,286 in 2009.Some of the highest grade agricultural land in the country is found in the south and east of the county, with 44% of the agricultural land in Lincolnshire being Grade 1 or Grade 2. Within North and North East Lincolnshire farming occupies 75,702ha with a total of 1,129 holdings and a labour force of 1,944 in 2009. Within the 558 km² (216 miles²) of the Lincolnshire Wolds AONB 82% of the land was classed as farmland (13% in permanent pasture). 4% woodland, other uses occupying the remaining 14% .
Lincolnshire Wolds Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty Management Plan
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Farming land use within the AONB occupies 49,857ha, spread across a total of 411 holdings supported by a labour force of 806 i
As of September 2009 - 294 Rural Development Programme for England (RDPE) agri-environment Scheme agreements where in place. These stewardship schemes included:
• Countryside Stewardship Scheme;
• Entry Level Stewardship;
• Organic Entry Level Stewardship;
• Entry Level plus Higher Level Stewardship; and,
• Organic Entry Level plus Higher Level Stewardship.
This amounts to 40,644ha of agricultural land within the AONB falling within one of the above schemesii
x below shows the agricultural land quality across the ANOB and surrounding areas.
Figure 2.14 - Agricultural Land Quality Across the AONB
nt agricultural holding land size and land use for 2007 and 2008. The majority of farms in 2007 and 2008 were cereal. The majority of agricultural holdings were under 5ha or over 100ha
Lincolnshire Wolds Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty Management Plan
Strategic Environmental Assessment
Table 2-17 – Agricultural Land Usage Total Land Size
Farming Type
Number of
Number of
farms (2007)
farms (2008)
Grazig Livestock 39 46 (Lowland)
Table 2-18 – Size of Farm Holdings in the AONB Wolds
Farm Size ha
Number of
Number of
Farms (2007)
Farms (2008)
Lincolnshire contributes over 10% of total national wheat production and over 50% to regional
production. North and North East Lincolnshire contribute 12% to the regional wheat production which is
less than 2% nationally. The split in produce on Lincolnshire's and North and North East Lincolnshire's
farms is shown in
Lincolnshire Wolds Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty Management Plan
Strategic Environmental Assessment
Table 2-19 - Farming Produce in Lincolnshire
Area / Number
Includes
Cereals 232,848ha; potatoes 13650ha; sugar beet 19,971ha; field beans 19,826ha, peas 5,290ha, oilseed rape 62,412ha, linseed 3,695ha, root crops 1,375ha
Peas and beans 11,329ha; other veg and salad 19,067ha; fruit 152ha; bulbs and flowers 1,620ha
Cattle 87,814; pigs 174,722; sheep 144,789; goats 1,024; horses 4,760; poultry 12,945,060
Table 2-20 Farming produce in North and North East Lincolnshire
Area / Number
Includes
Cereals 38,232ha; potatoes 1,531ha; sugar beet 2,781ha; field beans 2,081ha, peas 760ha, oilseed rape 9,711ha, linseed 245ha, root crops 153ha
Peas and beans 2,312ha; other veg and salad 498ha; fruit 23ha
Cattle 6,649; pigs 71,374; sheep 11,040; goats 158; horses 1,025; poultry 5,181,150
Table 2-21 Farming produce in Lincolnshire Wolds AONB
Area / Number
Includes
Cereals 24950ha; potatoes 424ha; sugar beet 632ha;
field beans 1728ha, peas 111ha, oilseed rape 7824ha, linseed n/a, root crops 148ha; veg and salad 1246.7ha
Cattle 7723; pigs 5068; sheep 12633; goats n/a; horses 437; poultry 318,800
As these statistics illustrate, arable farmland plays an important part in the area and this includes within the AONB. This land use has a strategic influence and impact on wildlife in the area. Unfortunately intensive farming has had a negative impact on the local wildlife often limiting the variety of flowers, birds, insects and mammals traditionally associated with such land. Many traditional farmland birds once common in the Wolds including corn bunting, lapwing and yellow hammer have declined in numbers.
In accordance with the EC Nitrates Directive, Nitrate Vulnerable Zones (NVZ) have been identified across the UK. These are areas where the threat of water pollution
Lincolnshire Wolds Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty Management Plan
Strategic Environmental Assessment
from nitrates is most acute. Almost two-thirds of nitrates pollution is caused by agricultural run off. All of the ANOB isetails).
Material Assets
2.23.1 Lincolnshire
Lincolnshire disposes of a range of waste streams: municipal waste; waste generated by industry, commerce and business; waste from construction and demolition activities; and other more specific waste types such as hazardous waste, agricultural waste, waste water and sewage sludge. Over 4 million tonnes of waste is produced each year and a large percentage of this ends up in landfill.
In 2003, Lincolnshire accounted for 16% of the East Midlands waste arisings, with a total of 4,184,539 tonnes of waste produced. This comprised 35.4% construction and demolition waste, 35.2% agricultural waste, 21% commercial and industrial waste, 8% municipal solid waste (MSW) and 0.5% hazardous waste.
The amount of waste produced has been increasing over the last 10 years in line with regional trends. By 2006-2007, 365,537 tonnes of MSW was generated and was disposed of in the following ways Landfill: 219,361 t (60%); Recycled 87,587 t (24%); Composted 58,589 t (16%
More recent data shows that in 2008/2009, Lincolnshire waste arisings were as follows: landfill 175,139 t (49%); incineration with energy from waste 4,763 t (1%); recycled or composted 179,590 t (50%); dealt with elsewhere 306 t (<1%).
Local authority municipal and household waste statistics showed that the two district authorities within the AONB Management Area sent the following amounts of waste for recycling, composting or reuse: East Lindsey 36,463 t and West Lindsey 26,054 t.i
Lincolnshire is in the process of producing its Minerals and Waste Development Framework, which is a new set of documents to replace the existing Mineral and Waste plans which will address future waste activities in the County. A Joint Municipal Waste Management Strategy has also been developed by the Lincolnshire Waste Partnership (Lincolnshire County Council, the seven local authorities and the Environment Agency) to provide a structure that will enable the municipal waste produced in the County to be effectively managed. The purpose of the partnership is to continuously improve the quality of service provided to the Community, establish best value waste management for the public across Lincolnshire and meet landfill diversion targets. As Lincolnshire moves away from reliance on landfill, the strategy will help to determine the need for new types of facilities. The partnership has set itself a target of 55% overall recycling by 2015.
As well as increasing the percentage of recycling in Lincolnshire, planning permission has been granted for an energy from waste plant which is expected to deal with 150,000 tonnes of MSW. It has been sized to accommodate 37% of the
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Waste collection and disposal results in a substantial number of lorry movements into and out of the County to transport waste to recycling facilities, energy from waste facilities or landfill sites. Regular collections are required from households and with the number of households increasing and the amount of waste increasing there will inevitably be an impact on traffic and highways infrastructure.
North East Lincolnshire Waste North East Lincolnshire Council is responsible for the collection, recycling and disposal of municipal solid waste (MSW) in North East Lincolnshire. This consists mainly of waste generated by households.
Based on data provided by the Environment Agencylnshire generated an estimated 540,000 tonnes of controlled waste in 2006/07. This represented less than 0.3% of the total controlled waste in England. Municipal waste (94,000 tonnes) represented about 17% of total controlled waste arisings in North East Lincolnshire.
The arisings of household waste in North East Lincolnshire in 2006/07 were 87,500 tonnes. This figure is lower than the MSW arising of 94,000 tonnes because it excludes waste streams such as trade waste collected by North East Lincolnshire Council and rubble collected at the Community Recycling Centres.
The main source of household waste in North East Lincolnshire is that collected from households (this includes material collected by the kerbside recycling schemes). This currently represents about 80% of total household arisings. Waste taken to the Community Recycling Centres (CRC) represents 15% of household waste and the other sources of household waste, such as litter, street sweepings and bulky household waste collections represents about 5%.ii
The total amount of household waste has increased from 79,900 tonnes in 2000/01 to 87,500 tonnes in 2006/07. This is an average increase of 2% per year over the last five years, and is over twice the average growth rate of less than 1% for year for household waste arising in England.
A combined heat and power (CHP) facility started operating in April 2004 and treats approximately 48,000 tonnes per year of household waste. 17,000 tonnes of household waste was land filled in 2006/07.
Although it is not in the remit of the AONB Management Plan to deal with waste, it is necessary to consider if future waste arising, collections and disposal may impact the AONB. The promotion of tourist to the area may result in further waste arisings
3 Yorkshire and Humberside Strategic Waste Management Information 2003
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and the AONB Management Plan needs to consider the promotion of the waste hierarchy where appropriate.
2.23.3 Minerals
Lincolnshire County Council is a Mineral Planning Authority and is responsible for all mineral planning matters under the provisions of the Town and Country Planning Act 1990. The most significant minerals produced in Lincolnshire are sand and gravel, limestone (crushed rock) and chalk. Oil and gas are also produced. Additionally, there are reserves of ironstone, silica sand, coal and clay, although these reserves are not currently exploited.
North East Lincolnshire is a Mineral Planning Authority and is responsible for all mineral planning matters under the provisions of the Town and Country Planning Act 1990. However there are no active or dormant mineral sites with valid planning permissions in the Borough and there are no areas where mineral exploitation have been identified. The Yorkshire and Humberside Regional Aggregates Working Party apportions no planned extraction quantities for North East Lincolnshire. v
Sand and gravel production in Lincolnshire represents a significant portion of the total output from the East Midlands, and in 2008, accounted for 80% of the output. The county is the second highest producer of sand and gravel after Nottinghamshire.
Lincolnshire only produced 4% of the region's limestone (crushed rock) in 2008, reflecting its poor quality and the limitations upon its use.
The East Midlands Regional Plan set out the level of annual regional apportionment targets for sand and gravel and crushed rock which Lincolnshire needs to obtain between 2001-2016. These are shown in then, the Revised Draft East Midlands Regional Plan (Partial Review) has modified this apportionment for the period between 2005-2020 as shown in
Table 2-22 Regional Apportionment for Sand and Gravel and Crushed Rock
Existing Reserves
2001-2016 *
2005-2020**
(2008) ***
* - Obtained from the East Midlands Regional Plan (EMRA, 2009)
** - Obtained from the Revised Draft East Midlands Regional Plan (Partial Review (EMRA, 2010)
*** - Obtained from the draft Minerals and Waste Development Framework Consultation Document (LCC, 2010b).
Future mineral extraction within the Lincolnshire will be based on the principles of sustainable development. The core strategy of the emerging Minerals and Waste
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Strategic Environmental Assessment
Development Framework will strive to ensure that minerals are available at the right time and in the right locations to support levels of growth. Mineral extraction operations within the county will result in substantial lorry movements to transport materials with implications for traffic and highways infrastructure requirements.
Mineral Sites within or adjacent to the AONB Boundary
2.23.4.1 West
Location
Road, Caistor, Market Rasen LN7 6SF
2.23.4.2 East
Location
Highfield Quarry Highfield Farm,
Lincolnshire Wolds Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty Management Plan
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Scoping Report Consultation Responses
The following responses where received during consultation of SEA scoping report: December 2008.
Table 3-1 – Scoping Report Consultation Responses December 2008
Response
Page 31 (Table 1) – On page 51 you refer to
See table 2.2 p18
District Council
measuring the extent of flood risk in the AONB, in which case it is wondered whether reference should be made to PPS25 (Development and Flood Risk) in Table 1.
Page 35 (Table 1) – Reference should also be
made to the emerging East Midlands Regional
Plan (RSS8) which is now close to adoption and therefore carries considerable weight. The latest published document is the East Midlands Regional Plan (Proposed Changes), October 2008. The Plan is currently expected to be adopted in March 2009 and would cover the plan period to 2026.
Page 37 (Table 1) – Reference is made to the
Sustainable Community Strategy for Lincolnshire 2006-2016. Reference should also be made to
the Sustainable Community Strategies for each
of the district councils. The latest published version for West Lindsey is the ‘West Lindsey Sustainable Community Strategy 2006-2016', May 2006.
Lincolnshire Wolds
The Lincolnshire Wolds is very distinctive
Countryside Service
because it has been managed, on the whole, for
section 2.22 p103
intensive arable production with the only areas laid to grass being those which, by their nature, have been inappropriate for arable production. It is this arable cultivation which has maintained the distinctive character of the Lincolnshire Wolds.
The CLA very much welcomes the recognition
Tourism has been
within the second bullet point which
demonstrates the importance that the
section 2.21 p95
Lincolnshire Wolds AONB places on the role of
agriculture and forestry and also the rural
industries contribution to the economic and social Section 2.2 p27
needs of the local communities. There needs to be recognition of the need for social and economic development within the Wolds area. Because of the natural nature of the Wolds it is completely rural in character and also suffers from some remoteness of location. However, the businesses and communities within the Wolds must be able to grow organically and there is a
Lincolnshire Wolds Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty Management Plan
Strategic Environmental Assessment
Response
need for services within the area as well as businesses and housing which all interlink to produce dynamic communities.
The Kyoto Protocol
Whilst it is important for the AONB Management Plan to consider the impact of climate change, they must not forget the contribution that cropping and agricultural businesses, including forestry management, can have on climate change. There are also wider issues of transport and development planning.
Ancient Monuments and Archaelogical Areas
To be addressed through the
Whilst there are many within the AONB it is
important for the Management Plan to be realistic about the funding available to maintain these, taking account of the current use that is being made of the land.
Climate Change and Sustainable Energy
Discussed in section 2.9 p63
The Management Plan should support the renewable energy but, at the same time, be realistic about the economy and also the material source for biomass for example.
Countryside and Rights of Way Act
The CLA is concerned that the Countryside and Rights of Way Act is referred to as providing new rights of access to the coast. Whilst this could have been a route for the Government to increase access to the coast, this was not taken forward by the Government. Proposals for coastal access are likely to be pursued by the Government under the Marine Bill which is expected to be introduced to Parliament within the Queen's Speech on the 3rd December. The draft Marine Bill, as it currently is, looked at facilitating the new right of coastal access by modifying the CRoW Act and also the National Parks and Access to the Countryside Act. The Countryside and Rights of Way Act itself did not deliver any increased access to the coast unless the area was defined as mountain, moor, heath and down or common land.
The Management Plan must include details for a fully diversified rural economy. Over many years the number of people being involved directly within agriculture has been reducing and it is therefore necessary to consider employment outside agriculture. In any event, the numbers
Lincolnshire Wolds Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty Management Plan
Strategic Environmental Assessment
Response
employed directly in agriculture are misleading because many are employed on haulage, packaging and other services to the agricultural industry which are dependent on agriculture but not directly employed within it.
Secure and Sustainable Buildings Act
It is important to identify and promote local
supply where it is possible but, at the same time, recognising that in some instances, economically, supplies have to come from outside the immediate vicinity.
Sustainable Energies Act
If one is considering sustainable energy in the Lincolnshire Wolds it is necessary not only to consider energies that have less of an impact on the landscape but also consider other renewable energy sources for example wind which may have a greater environmental impact and whether these can be accommodated or should be discounted on grounds of landscape impact.
Socioeconomics have been
When looking at housing it is also necessary to
consider economic growth within the rural areas,
Section 2.12 p 68
the need for tourism accommodation,
conversions of agricultural buildings into permanent residencies as well as the need for
affordable and full market priced housing within
any area. The issue of housing cannot be divorced from either the economy or the social need within an area. It is important not to look at each settlement in isolation but to look at the network of settlements that come together within a rural area to form a defined community. The needs of each community must be addressed and a decision taken to ensure that communities remain dynamic containing a range of ages, household sizes and supporting different businesses rather than leading to an aging, stagnating rural population and the inherent difficulties in managing the needs of that population.
When considering public transport provision in any area it is important to consider the evidence of demand within that area. But this needs to be balanced against a realisation of the fact that the private car will always be important within a rural area.
Lincolnshire Wolds Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty Management Plan
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Response
The Planning and Compulsory Purchase Act
The Management Plan is particularly important and needs to link together the policies within the different local authorities who will all be producing Local Development Frameworks which have their own character. The Management Plan is the only document that is effectively going to drive forward the vision of the AONB and it is important therefore that the AONB ensures that its vision is delivered by the local authorities rather than the Management Plan being overwritten by local development frameworks which may run to a different agenda.
Wildlife and Countryside Act
Discussed in 2.6.1 p 35
Whilst identifying the number of SSSIs within the Lincolnshire Wolds, the key is to recognise the importance of these sites individually and also to provide funding for their enhancement. Protection itself will not necessarily deliver improvement on the status quo.
Common Agricultural Policy Reforms
It should be recognised that the UK Government carried forward reforms of common agricultural policy in 2003 which were delivered as part of the Single Payment Scheme in 2005. However, within the period of the next Management Plan there will be another substantial change to funding for rural areas which will be delivered after 2012. Whilst the scope of this change is not yet known it is likely to be substantially different, in delivery terms, from what we know, are used to and the levels of funding are likely to be less which will have an impact on all rural areas.
Local food will continue to be important not only for consumption within the Wolds but also to further help define the character of the area, both to visitors and also wider consumers within the UK.
The Energy White Paper
When considering climate change it is important to consider the impact on alternative sources of energy on the landscape and also their impact on the flora and fauna of the area.
Discussed in section 2.8 p54
It should be noted that Heritage Counts 2008 has now been published.
Lincolnshire Wolds Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty Management Plan
Strategic Environmental Assessment
Response
It is important that there is a clear link between housing, employment, schooling and other facilities and the key to achieving this is in having a working countryside that provides employment for those within the area rather than creating employment in distant centres which encourages commuting.
The Countryside in and around Towns
Will considered as part of the
It is important that the Plan addresses the needs
of rural areas to have links into market towns and
also cities further away, whilst at the same time recognising the important links between individual, smaller settlements which make up the rural community.
Planning Policy Statement 1
Will considered as part of the
It is important here to look at the link between the
rural areas and market towns and also between
individual settlements and those living and working within them. The network of smaller settlements that come together to form a community resource is also key in this area as it is in any remote rural location.
Planning Policy Statement 7
Will considered as part of the
The protection of landscape should not mean
that there will be no development but it should
guide where development is most likely to fit into the landscape. There is still a need for dynamic communities and organic growth in settlements within the Wolds area, as well as the need for housing, new businesses as well as agricultural development to ensure that agriculture can stay competitive in world markets
Planning Policy Guidance 8
Will considered as part of the
When considering mobile phone masts, there is
often scope for these to be disguised either by
placing them on existing structures or locating them close to trees, or noval structures or poles rather than lattice towers.
Planning Policy Statement 12
Will considered as part of the
It is important for there to be links between the
Management Plan, local planning authorities,
EMDA and also Natural England to address cross-cutting issues and develop a positive vision for the future of the Wolds.
Planning Policy Guidance 16
Will considered as part of the
It is important that landowners are involved in the
production of any additional strategy on
Lincolnshire Wolds Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty Management Plan
Strategic Environmental Assessment
Response
archaeological assets to ensure that the changes
proposed are deliverable.
Minerals and Policy Statement 2
Will considered as part of the
If mineral extraction is lost from the Wolds then
alternative employment will be required to
address this loss. Often with mineral extraction it is not the direct loss of employment within that particular quarry but also the ancillary loss of employment elsewhere, and this should be considered at the same time as setting out any policy to reduce mineral extraction.
Lincolnshire Countryside Access and Rights of
Way Improvement Plan
It may be necessary to carry out a survey of the
Plan to consider
value of public rights of way within the Lincolnshire Wolds area. This could drive the need for maintenance but also identify areas of greater or lesser need, and therefore set priorities for the rights of way improvement plan.
The CLA is concerned that there is so much
The baseline has
within this Table which is not quantified, even
though some of the information should be easily
accessible. Under the heading ‘Cultural and
Heritage Assets' there should also be the
recognition of telephone boxes being an important environmental feature, as much work is being done between local planning authorities and BT to ensure the retention of red telephone boxes. Under ‘Access' the condition of public footpaths is as important as whether they are open or not. It is also good to see proper recognition of permissive routes in the assessment and also the importance of promoted circular routes.
Within all of Table 2, it is important not only to consider the areas and number of employees but also the income generated and also the other industries that are reliant on that business.
The strategic environmental appraisal objectives
must support and promote sustainable farming
practice, however it is more questionable as
whether it should maintain and enhance an
area's rural charm and tranquillity. Whilst the Lincolnshire Wolds is a quiet, rural and not highly populated area which suffers issues related to its periphery, tranquillity can all too easily be used as an excuse to prevent development of new businesses. In addition there is no definition of "charm".
Lincolnshire Wolds Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty Management Plan
Strategic Environmental Assessment
Response
2. Draft SEA Objectives
SEA Objectives have been
We are supportive of the list of objectives but
would suggest that "countryside recreation" is added to objective 9 which deal with enhancing quality of life.
3. Relevant Plans, Policies and Programmes
We are pleased to note that our own document "The Countryside in an around Towns" has been included. We would also suggest that another of own documents "A New Vernacular for the Countryside" is included within this table as it addresses broad sustainable design and construction principles. Natural England promotes sustainable design and construction including energy efficiency in homes.
We note that Planning Policy Statement 7:
Sustainable Development in Rural Areas, has been included which we welcome. However we would like the key objectives of this document to include the point that a Landscape Character approach to landscape protection is actively encouraged.
Planning Policy Statement 12 has been rightfully
included but this document has now been updated in June 2008 and is now known as "Local Spatial Planning".
Lincolnshire Wolds Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty Management Plan
Strategic Environmental Assessment
Response
East Lindsey District
In paragraph 3.4 you refer to the fact that, under
current UK regulations the Management Plan
does not require an Appropriate Assessment as
completed – See
there are no European site within or adjacent to
the Wolds AONB. My understanding of the
Regulations is that the wider effects of the Plans
or Programmes should be assessed and this can
involve considering if there are any likely effects
on designated sites some considerable distance from the project area. Whilst I agree that the Management Plan is unlikely to have an effect on any such designated sites and therefore not require a full Appropriate Assessment, for the sake of comprehensiveness and clarity, I think it would pay (when the draft Management Plan is assessed) to carry out (in brief) the first stage of the Appropriate Assessment Process, which is screening. This will determine whether or not the plan is likely, alone or in combination with other plans and programmes, to have a significant effect on European sites and will determine whether or not a full Appropriate Assessment is needed. Clearly, the screening process can only take place once the content of the draft plan is known.
Paragraph 5.2 I think deals well with the obvious
difficulties of access to data. It can be all too
easy to gloss over these gaps but I think it is
good to acknowledge it.
Paragraph 5.3 refers to environmental measures.
Personally I found the term initially confusing as I was considering it in terms of a measure being a course of action rather than measurement.
Comments received during the SEA Preparation
The following responses where received during the SEA preparation 2011
Table 3-2 Consultation comments received during SEA preparation
Response
In the ‘National' section there is an
Repetition has been
unnecessary repetition of the Government
White Paper DETR (2000). It appears on page 19 with relevant topics listed as "Population and Human Health" and then later on page 32 where all four of the topics are listed as being relevant.
Lincolnshire Wolds Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty Management Plan
Strategic Environmental Assessment
Response
Currently the Planning Policy Statements
Re-ordered. Appendix
(PPS) appear to be in a random order. It
would be clearer if the relevant PPS were put together in the table in numerical order.
We would suggest that the aims and
Documents further
objectives of some of the documents could
be summarised more succinctly. For
Appendix A Section 2
instance the aims and objectives of PPS1, PPS9 both run to several pages in length and could be shortened without losing the overall meaning.
Within the "County‟ section we agree with
Lincolnshire BAP still
the comment made that the Lincolnshire
Biodiversity Action Plan should be included
in this section and should be one of the fundamental references for the SEA.
There appears to be no mention of the
West Lindsey LDF
Landscape Character Assessments (LCA)
description modified.
that have been carried out within the Wolds
area at a District level (e.g. West Lindsey and East Lindsey). This is a serious
West Lindsey and East
omission as LCAs can provide a
Lindsey LCA's added.
comprehensive landscape evidence base to
underpin planning and management decisions and identify valued or distinctive
Regional LCA added.
characteristics and pressures for change
Appendix A - Section 2
which the Plan might then address. However the description of the West Lindsey Local Development Framework (LDF) appears to describe a LCA stating that it "sets out assessment of the character, distinctiveness and qualities of the landscape", this is misleading as a LDF is obviously a much broader document than one just describing landscape issues.
A regional landscape character assessment has recently been undertaken by Natural England and is available to view via our website at http://www.naturalengland.org.uk/regions/east_midlands/ourwork/characterassessment.
aspx
2.3 Identifying Environmental Issues and
Draft SEA Report July
This section is confusing as it states that a number of sections have identified environmental issues and problems. However the following sections in the document contain only baseline information and do not identify any particular issues.
This section also says that a list of SEA
Lincolnshire Wolds Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty Management Plan
Strategic Environmental Assessment
Response
objectives has been defined but they do not appear to have been included at present.
2.6.1 Sites of Special Scientific Interest
SSSI' outside of the AONB boundary have
Whilst the information contained in this
been removed from the
section is comprehensive it appears that
some of the SSSI‟s described are outside of the AONB boundary. If the SEA is anticipating or allowing for environmental consequences for land outside the AONB this should be explained within the document.
Bardney Woods SSSI and NNR
This SSSI is not within the boundary of the AONB as it is situated a few miles further to the west beyond Wragby.
Sotby Meadow SSSI is also not within the AONB boundary as it is also situated a few miles to the west.
There is however an additional SSSI which
Added. Appendix A -
has not been mentioned - Willoughby
Meadows SSSI. This SSSI is representative of the series of ancient woodlands found on the middle Marsh Boulder Clay on the edge of the Lincolnshire Wolds. It is predominantly oak-ash and hazel, managed as coppice with standards. It supports a characteristic and rich ground flora. The site is notable for its breeding birds including heron, woodcock, tawny owl and greater spotted woodpecker. (Further details of the SSSI description can be viewed on the website www.natureonthemap.org.uk).
2.6.2 National Nature Reserves
Clarified and additional NNRs added.
It should be clarified that none of the NNR
Appendix A - Section 2
are actually within the boundary of the AONB.
We would suggest that if the Saltfleet-by-Theddlethorpe, Donna Nook and Wash NNRs are included in this section then it should also include the Humber and Gibraltar Point NNRs as these are within in a similar distance away from the AONB boundary as those described.
We would suggest that there needs to be a
defined cut-off area or „zone of influence‟ so that the report only includes information which is directly relevant to the Lincolnshire Wolds AONB. It is important that the information selected is consistent to avoid missing out some sites and including unnecessary ones.
Lincolnshire Wolds Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty Management Plan
Strategic Environmental Assessment
Response
The Wash also has the following
Added. Appendix A -
The Wash and North Norfolk Coast SAC
Gibraltar Point SPA and NNR
North Norfolk SPA
Ramsar - Gibraltar Point, The Wash, North Norfolk Coast
Site of Special Scientific Interest - Gibraltar Point, The Wash, North Norfolk Coast.
Although Saltfleet- by- Theddlethorpe NNR
More information
is mentioned in the text no other details of it
provided. Appendix A -
are actually given in the report.
2.20 Climate Change Implications for the
This section is welcome as it uses the information gathered to identify potential problems and issues that may impact on the AONB itself. We would suggest however that the issue of climate change adaptation (particularly in relation to biodiversity) is covered in this section. By encouraging greater connectivity of natural areas previously isolated sites with nature conservation interest can be linked which can help to aid the dispersal or re-colonisation of species that may need to move as climate change renders their existing habitat unsuitable.
Hartsholme Park, Lincoln Castle and
Tourist attractions mentioned on page 125
Belton House have
do not seem relevant to the Lincolnshire
Wolds for example Hartsholme Park, Lincoln Castle and Belton House are all some distance away. It is considered that the inclusion of this information is not relevant to examining the environmental impact of the Lincolnshire Wolds Management Plan.
2.22 Agricultural Land Classification
Difficult to locate a map where the
It is suggested that the map showing
classification is limited
agricultural land classification, figure 2.14
on page 133, should only include the section that is actually in the AONB and not the whole of Lincolnshire. It is very hard to distinguish the different classifications within the Wolds at this scale.
2.23.2 Waste Sites
The detailed information on Caenby
To a large extent the text describes waste
Lincolnshire Wolds Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty Management Plan
Strategic Environmental Assessment
Response
management across the whole of the
County. It needs to focus on waste issues
Gainsborough has
which are particularly relevant to the AONB
only. It does not seem necessary to include detailed information and maps on the wastes sites in West and East Lindsey when these are situated some distance from the AONB e.g. Caenby Corner and Gainsborough as they are some distance away from the Wolds.
Sites not adjacent or within the AONB have
Again this section should only cover sites
which are within or immediately adjacent to the AONB boundary.
General Comments
Appendix A - Section 2 has been reviewed
Whilst in general this document has collected a comprehensive set of data we are concerned that it has a tendency to describe information which is relevant to the whole of Lincolnshire and therefore not necessarily relevant to the Wolds AONB. The SEA is looking at the effects of the AONB Management Plan which could, in some cases, actually include effects outside the area for example by displacing certain types of development outside of the AONB designation or it could result in positive benefits to habitats and landscape views/character beyond the immediate boundaries. Therefore the information that is included needs to be justified by a definite link with the AONB itself. The environmental context is also important to understand the environmental and habitat function and value of the AONB.
In Appendix 3 of the guidance document "A
Appendix A - Section 2
Practical Guide to the SEA Directive" a
has been reviewed
section is included on deciding what information to collect for a SEA. It says that the information collected must be relevant and appropriate to the spatial scale of the plan or programme and that it is focused on those aspects of the environmental character of the plan area which will enable the identification of the key environmental issues. We would therefore suggest that the document is reviewed with the purpose of focusing only on information that is particularly relevant to the AONB resulting in a more succinct document and avoiding a generalised "State of the Environment" report.
Lincolnshire Wolds Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty Management Plan
Strategic Environmental Assessment
i East Midlands Biodiversity Forum & East Midlands Regional Assembly (2006) Putting Wildlife Back on the Map – A Biodiversity Strategy for the East Midlands, May 2006. ii Lincolnshire County Council, Countryside Access http://microsites.lincolnshire.gov.uk/countryside/section.asp?docId=59626, accessed:
19/11/2010
iii http://www.lincstrust.org.uk/reserves/snipe/habitats_species.php accessed: 18/11/2010
iv Lincolnshire County Council, Countryside Access http://microsites.lincolnshire.gov.uk/countryside/section.asp?docId=59626, accessed:
19/11/2010
v English Heritage 2010
vi Compiled by Lincolnshire Wolds Countryside Service based upon information supplied via: Jan Allen (Environmental Officer), Alexandra Thornton (Historic Environment Assistant -
Records) and Sarah Grundy (Historic Environment Officer) Lincolnshire County Council,
Hugh Winfield (Archaeologist) North East Lincolnshire Council and Tim Allen (Assistant
Inspector) English Heritage.
vii English Heritage 2010
viii Sites and Monuments Record 2010
ix ReSTATs, 2010
x Lincolnshire County Council 2009
xi Department for Energy and Climate Change 2009
xii East Midlands Regional Climate Change Partnership 2000
xiii Whitehead 1993
xiv Improvement and Development Agency
xvi http://www.research-lincs.org.uk/lro/toolkits/imd2004/swf/imd2004-toolkit.asp Accessed October 2010
Lincolnshire Wolds Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty Management Plan
Strategic Environmental Assessment
xvii North East Lincolnshire Council – CSA Annual Update 2007-2008
xx THE WOLDS SUMMARY REPORT Heart of England Tourism Geoff Broom Associates March 2006
xxi Total attendance Lincolnshire Wolds Walking Festivals 2005 – 2010 (Lincolnshier County Council)
xxii Visit Lincolnshire (August 2010) Press release: Value of tourism in Lincolnshire reaches £971 million – 14% of the overall economy.
xxiii Visit Lincolnshire, Press Release. Value of tourism in Lincolnshire reaches £971 million – 14% of the overall economy
xxv Department of the Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA) (2009). ‘Regional and County Level Crop Areas / Livestock Numbers / Labour Force'. Website:
Accessed in June and October 2010.
xxvi Lincolnshire Wolds Countryside Service - Facts & Figures – LWCS Annual Review
2009-10
xxvii Defra Lincolnshire Wolds AONB - Agricultural and Horticultural Survey 2008
xxviii RDPE Agri-environment Countryside Stewardship Scheme Summary for Lincolnshire Wolds AONB - Sept 2009
xxix MAGIC, 2010
xxx DEFRA 2007/2008 Farming Statistics – Lincolnshire WOLDS AONB. June Agricultural and Horticultural Survey
xxxi Defra 2009
xxxii wastedataflow, 2010
Lincolnshire Wolds Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty Management Plan
Strategic Environmental Assessment
xxxiii Municipal Waste Management Strategy North East Lincolnshire Council 2008
xxxiv North East Lincolnshire Annual Monitoring Report 2010
Source: http://horncastleneighbourhooddevelopmentplan.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2013/05/lincolnshire_wolds_sea_report_appendix_a.pdf
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